Ancient Nivarese: Difference between revisions

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The letter '''x''' represents the /kθ/ cluster.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===

Revision as of 12:02, 10 October 2017

Ancient Nivarese
Pronunciation[[Help:IPA|ˈnivareoːθ]]
Created byLili21
DateOct 2017
SettingCalémere
EthnicityIscegons
Extinctca. 500
Evandorian languages
  • Southern Evandorian
    • Ancient Nivarese

Ancient Nivarese (Nívareōs or ur lhēnyrís ur Nívareōs [ur ɬeːnyˈriθ ur ˈnivareoːθ]; in Modern Nivarese: u šeňurì u urdà u Nivariói) is an Evandorian language of Calémere, the earliest attested of the whole family and one of the Calemerian languages with the most ancient attestations.

Ancient Nivarese was the language of present-day Nivaren (Nívarēn) in ancient times, the ancestor of Modern Nivarese, and - together with Íscégon - was the cultural language of Evandorian civilizations during classical antiquity. Due to this importance, Ancient Nivarese words have entered the common vocabulary of all Evandorian languages and, in more modern times, learned vocabulary of most languages of the planet.

Ancient Nivarese is a Southern Evandorian language, and thus related to Auralian, Gazimyük, and the Agrôkian languages. It shares features common to all early attested Evandorian languages, thus there are still many visible similarities with Íscégon, but it also has the typical traits of Southern Evandorian languages, like its development of a construct state.

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

→ PoA
↓ Manner
Labial Labiodental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasals m /m/ n /n/
Plosives p /p/ t /t/
d /d/
k /k/
Fricatives f /f/
v /v/
s /θ/
lh /ɬ/
h /h/
Approximants u /w/ i /j/
Trill r /r/
Lateral l /l/

The letter x represents the /kθ/ cluster.

Vowels

Front Central Back
High i /i/
y ȳ /y yː/
u ū /u uː/
Mid e ē /e eː/ o ō /o oː/
Low a /a/

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Masculine noun declension

Back-vowel stem hotṓs, hotolhis "hawk" (< PEv *roktog); front-vowel stem niēs, niēkis "finger" (< PEv *ńeɬek)

Back-vowel stem
hotṓs, hotolh- "hawk"
Front-vowel stem
niēs, niēk- "finger"
Non-construct Construct Non-construct Construct
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative hotṓs hotolhṓt hótolhis hotolhṓr niēs niēkḗt niḗkis niēkḗr
Accusative hótto hotolhṓssu hottṓs hotolhōsṓs niḗta niēkḗssa niētḗs niēkēsḗs
Locative hótolhuō hotolhṓdō hótolhuax hotolhṓdax niḗlhē niēkḗdē niēlhḗx niēkḗdēx
Ablative hótokis hotolhṓïs hotokít hotolhōít niḗkys niēkḗis niēkȳ́t niēkeȳ́t
Lative hótolhūn hotolhṓrūn hotolhȳ́s hotolhōrȳ́s niḗïn niēkḗrin niēís niēkērís


Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources