Häskä: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 107: Line 107:
====Plurals====
====Plurals====
Plurals are formed with reduplication, as in most other Lakovic languages:
Plurals are formed with reduplication, as in most other Lakovic languages:
*təlič = kernel, grain > tətəlič = kernels, grains
*təlič /təlitʃ/ = kernel, grain > tətəlič /tətəlitʃ/ = kernels, grains


====Case markers=====
====Case markers=====

Revision as of 14:31, 8 June 2019

Häskä/Wordlist

Häskä
Created byIlL
SettingVerse:Tricin
Lakovic
  • Häskä
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Häskä (dülutu Häskäsu /dylutu hæskæsu/) is a Lakovic language with an Amharic-inspired aesthetic.

Gibberish

Bärtətəlič o sgəzu kə-fteru di-sumätäk!

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Lateral Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ ñ /ŋ/
Stop plain (p /p/) t /t/ k /k/ ' /ʔ/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ g /g/
Fricative plain f /f/ s /s/ š /ʃ/ h /h/
voiced z /z/ ž /ʒ/
Affricate c /ts/ č /tʃ/
Approximant w /w/ r /r/ l /l/ y /j/

Vowels

a e i o u ä ə /ɑ e i o u æ ə/

Stress

Stress is usually penultimate.

Phonotactics

Häskä allows initial clusters, like Windermere and Tsrovesh.

Morphology

Häskä morphology is roughly equally prefixing and suffixing.

Nouns

Häskä nouns have a natural gender system. Nouns denoting females or that end in the feminine suffix -u (after C) or -su (after V) (from Proto-Lakovic *-s and the feminine verb marker *wa-) are feminine. Inanimate nouns, and animals that are not dedicated words for males and females, can be used in both genders interchangeably.

Plurals

Plurals are formed with reduplication, as in most other Lakovic languages:

  • təlič /təlitʃ/ = kernel, grain > tətəlič /tətəlitʃ/ = kernels, grains

Case markers=

Häskä has Austronesian alignment, like Proto-Lakovic.

Here are the basic case markers:

  • id = direct
  • o = indirect
  • = genitive

Pronouns

  • ri = I
  • šen = thou (m)
  • šes = thou (f)
  • fin = he
  • fis = she

Verbs

Häskä verbs are highly inflected; they inflect for tense, aspect, voice, mood, and gender agreement.

Verb template: negative-gender/mood-tense/aspect-voiceROOT

Verbs are negated with: di-

Gender

  • wə- = feminine

Mood

  • ku- = cohortative

Aspect

Aspect inflection uses a combination of prefixes and reduplication.

Reduplicant uses 1st consonant (F) or last consonant (L)

  • imperfective/stative = unmarked
  • perfective = unmarked for some verbs but marked with em- for others
  • prospective = hef- (closest equivalent of future tense)
  • momentane = bla-
  • progressive = ăL-
  • gnomic = FăL-
  • frequentative = eNFă-
  • inchoative/inceptive = oLă-
  • graduative = tăFa-

Intensive

  • twə- = intensive prefix

Voice affixes

Voice affixes are obsolete in Rhythoed.

  • ‹ăc› = Dynamic passive
  • ‹ră›, ‹wă› = Stative passive
  • ‹ăb› = Reflexive
  • ‹ăn/ăng› = Applicative trigger
  • ‹ith› = Locative trigger
  • ‹ăw› = Instrumental trigger
  • ‹ăfong› = Destination trigger
  • ‹ălis› = Comitative trigger
  • ‹ăm› = Source/cause trigger
  • ‹ăchem› = Benefactive/purpose trigger
  • ‹ărea› = Malefactive trigger

Derivational morphology

  • yə- = adjectivizer