User:Ceige/SEA Inspired 2: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "= Ancient stage = == Phonology == === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" |- ! !! Labial !! Coronal !! Dorsal |- | Plosive || p || t || k |- | Nasal || m || n || ng |- | So...")
 
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= Ancient stage =
= Phonology =
== Phonology ==
== Consonants ==
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| Nasal || m || n || ng
| Nasal || m || n || ng
|-
<!-- |-
| Sonorant || w || l || y
| Sonorant || w || l || y-->
|}
|}


=== Vowels ===
== Vowels ==
==== Monophthongs ====
=== Monophthongs ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! Closed
! Closed
| i || || u
| i || rowspan=2| ǝ~ɯ || u
|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
|   || ǝ ||  
| ||  
|-
|-
! Open
! Open
|  || a ||  
|  || a ||  
|}
|}
==== Diphthongs ====
=== Diphthongs ===
'''Stage #1:'''
 
The diphthongs simply represent every possible combination of two vowels.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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| ia || ai || a || au || ua
| ia || ai || a || au || ua
|}
|}
<!--
<!--
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|}
|}
-->
-->
'''Stage #2:'''
The diphthongs form new phonemic monophthongs.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!  !! i+ !! +i !! Ø !! +u || u+
|-
! Closed
| ɯ ||  ||  || ɯ ||
|-
! Mid
| ɛ || e ||  || o || ɔ
|-
! Open
| ɛ || æ || a || ɒ || ɔ
|}
'''Stage #3 (combined with original monophthongs):'''
The new monophthongs collapse, with the fronted and rounded groups collapsing on /e/ and /o/. The language's vowel space now represents the skewed vowel space found in nature rather than the idealistic trapezoid.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!  !! Front !! Central !! Back
|-
! Closed
| i || colspan=2| ɯ
|-
! Mid
| e || || o
|-
! Open
|  || a ||
|}
'''Dialects: '''
For modern dialectal purposes, up to 8 vowels are sometimes rendered, but these 8-vowel systems are not produced by the same sound changes.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!  !! Front !! Central !! Back
|-
! Closed
| i~í || colspan=2| ɯ~ɯ́
|-
! Mid
| é~ì|| ǝ || ó~ɯ̀
|-
! Open
| è~e~ä  || a || ò~o~å
|}
For example, sometimes ä and å are formed from *ia and *ua, other times from *ai and *au, and sometimes both.
== CV-Clusters ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Stages !! colspan=200 | CV Pairs
|-
! Initial
| p
| pi
| pu
| t
| ti
| tu
| k
| ki
| ku
| m
| mi
| mu
| n
| ni
| nu
| ŋ
| ŋi
| ŋu
| Ø
| Øi
| Øu
|-
! Final
| p-, h-
| hy-
| f-
| t
| ch-
| ts-
| k-
| ky-
| k-
| m-
| my-
| m-, w-
| n-
| ny-
| n-, m-
| Ø-
| Øy-
| Øw-
| Ø-
| Øy-
| Øw-
|}
<!-- Note: Still missing s! -->
This results in modern clusters like:
* tua -> tso
* chiu -> chu
* puai -> fe
... but kia -> ke (expected: kye — the fronting of /e/ provides the patalalisation automatically).

Revision as of 09:17, 31 January 2018

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Coronal Dorsal
Plosive p t k
Nasal m n ng

Vowels

Monophthongs

Front Central Back
Closed i ǝ~ɯ u
Mid
Open a

Diphthongs

Stage #1:

The diphthongs simply represent every possible combination of two vowels.

i+ +i Ø +u u+
Closed iu ui
Mid iǝ ǝi ǝ ǝu uǝ
Open ia ai a au ua

Stage #2:

The diphthongs form new phonemic monophthongs.

i+ +i Ø +u u+
Closed ɯ ɯ
Mid ɛ e o ɔ
Open ɛ æ a ɒ ɔ

Stage #3 (combined with original monophthongs):

The new monophthongs collapse, with the fronted and rounded groups collapsing on /e/ and /o/. The language's vowel space now represents the skewed vowel space found in nature rather than the idealistic trapezoid.

Front Central Back
Closed i ɯ
Mid e o
Open a

Dialects: For modern dialectal purposes, up to 8 vowels are sometimes rendered, but these 8-vowel systems are not produced by the same sound changes.

Front Central Back
Closed i~í ɯ~ɯ́
Mid é~ì ǝ ó~ɯ̀
Open è~e~ä a ò~o~å

For example, sometimes ä and å are formed from *ia and *ua, other times from *ai and *au, and sometimes both.

CV-Clusters

Stages CV Pairs
Initial p pi pu t ti tu k ki ku m mi mu n ni nu ŋ ŋi ŋu Ø Øi Øu
Final p-, h- hy- f- t ch- ts- k- ky- k- m- my- m-, w- n- ny- n-, m- Ø- Øy- Øw- Ø- Øy- Øw-

This results in modern clusters like:

  • tua -> tso
  • chiu -> chu
  • puai -> fe

... but kia -> ke (expected: kye — the fronting of /e/ provides the patalalisation automatically).

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