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==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
===Imuniguro-Xenic stock=== | |||
Qualdomelic is one of the main Imuniguro-Xenic languages, that is, those with a high number of Chlouvānem loans with regular sound correspondences (save for, in stress-timed Qualdomelic and [[Kuyugwazian]], sporadic unstressed vowel reduction) and using Chlouvānem roots and words for building new words. This table shows the sound correspondences between Chlouvānem and Imuniguro-Xenic Qualdomelic: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! [[Chlouvānem]] !! Qualdomelic<br/>(early religious loans) !! Qualdomelic<br/>(Imuniguro-Xenic) | |||
|- | |||
! m | |||
| colspan=2 | m | |||
|- | |||
! n, ṇ | |||
| colspan=2 | n | |||
|- | |||
! ñ | |||
| n || nj | |||
|- | |||
! ṃ | |||
| colspan=2 | ng | |||
|- | |||
! p, ph | |||
| colspan=2 | p | |||
|- | |||
! t, th, ṭ, ṭh | |||
| colspan=2 | t | |||
|- | |||
! c, ch | |||
| colspan=2 | ț | |||
|- | |||
! k | |||
| rowspan=2 | c || c | |||
|- | |||
! kh | |||
| ch | |||
|- | |||
! ɂ | |||
| colspan=2 | ∅ | |||
|- | |||
! ƾ | |||
| colspan=2 | q | |||
|- | |||
! b, bh | |||
| colspan=2 | b | |||
|- | |||
! d, dh, ḍ, ḍh | |||
| colspan=2 | d | |||
|- | |||
! j, jh | |||
| colspan=2 | x | |||
|- | |||
! g | |||
| rowspan=2 | g || g | |||
|- | |||
! gh | |||
| γ | |||
|- | |||
! s | |||
| colspan=2 | s<br/>∅ (as part of -Vs direct case endings) | |||
|- | |||
! ṣ, š | |||
| colspan=2 | š | |||
|- | |||
! h | |||
| ch || h (word-initially)<br/>ch<br/>∅ (as part of -Vh direct case endings) | |||
|- | |||
! ħ | |||
| colspan=2 | ch | |||
|- | |||
! v | |||
| colspan=2 | w | |||
|- | |||
! y | |||
| colspan=2 | j | |||
|- | |||
! r | |||
| colspan=2 | r<br/>ṛ (before a retroflex consonant) | |||
|- | |||
! l | |||
| l || q (word-initially)<br/>ng | |||
|- | |||
! i, į, ī | |||
| colspan=2 | i | |||
|- | |||
! u, ų, ū | |||
| colspan=2 | u | |||
|- | |||
! e, ę, ē | |||
| colspan=2 | e<br/>ă (after a long vowel) | |||
|- | |||
! o | |||
| o || rowspan=2 | o | |||
|- | |||
! å | |||
| ọ | |||
|- | |||
! æ, ǣ | |||
| colspan=2 | ẹ | |||
|- | |||
! a, ą, ā | |||
| colspan=2 | a<br/>ă (after a long vowel, and often when connecting two parts of a compound word; word-finally in -ah endings)<br/>∅ (as part of -as endings) | |||
|- | |||
! ai, ąi | |||
| colspan=2 | aj<br/>ăj (before or after a long vowel) | |||
|- | |||
! ei, ęi | |||
| colspan=2 | ej | |||
|- | |||
! oe | |||
| colspan=2 | oă | |||
|- | |||
! au, ąu | |||
| colspan=2 | aw<br/>ăw (before or after a long vowel) | |||
|- | |||
! ṛ, ṝ | |||
| colspan=2 | ră | |||
|} | |||
Note that Chlouvānem short vowels apart from '''a''' usually fall word-finally; note that word-final '''a''' is not reduced to '''ă''' after a long vowel. Some examples of Imuniguro-Xenic vocabulary: | |||
* ''yunyalīlta'' → ''junjălilta'' ([[Verse:Yunyalīlta|Yunyalīlta]]) | |||
* ''lillamurḍhyā'' → ''lilamuṛdjá'' (Lillamurḍhyā) | |||
* ''lārvājuṣa'' → ''larwaxuša'' (Yunyalīlti temple) | |||
* ''līvas'' → ''qiw'' (apartment) | |||
* ''ṣarivāṇa'' → ''šariwana'', rare alt. ''šarăwana'' (State) | |||
* ''haloe'' (name) → ''hangoă'' (signature) | |||
* ''juṃšañāña'' → ''xungšanjanja'' (diocese) | |||
* ''ṣramāṇa'' → ''šăramana'' (province) | |||
* ''maišildāryai'' → ''majšildarjăj'' (exhibition grounds) <small>(pl. tantum in Chl., sing. in Quald.)</small> | |||
* ''kamelšītah'' → ''kamengšită'' (hall) | |||
* ''jānilšeidah'' → ''xaningšejdă'' ([[Verse:Chlouvānem_Inquisition#Monastic_Orders_and_Legions|legion]]) | |||
* ''dhurvālāṇa'' → ''durwangana'' (police) | |||
* ''pahēšhānī'' → ''pachešchaní'' (Liturgical College) | |||
===Time=== | ===Time=== | ||
→ ''See also: [[Chlouvānem/Calendar and time|Chlouvānem calendar]]'' | → ''See also: [[Chlouvānem/Calendar and time|Chlouvānem calendar]]'' | ||
| Line 465: | Line 594: | ||
# ''muqqase'' (Murkāsena) | # ''muqqase'' (Murkāsena) | ||
# ''bušpraț'' (Būṃṣprātas) | # ''bušpraț'' (Būṃṣprātas) | ||
# ''qangjan'' ( | # ''qangjan'' (Lalyāñaiṭa) | ||
# ''brawsase'' (Brausāsena) | # ''brawsase'' (Brausāsena) | ||
# ''chejra'' (Mailaheirah) | # ''chejra'' (Mailaheirah) | ||
| Line 472: | Line 601: | ||
# ''ilamjase'' (Īlāmyasena) | # ''ilamjase'' (Īlāmyasena) | ||
# ''hẹngvjase'' (Hælvyāsena) | # ''hẹngvjase'' (Hælvyāsena) | ||
# '' | # ''țamirada'' (Camirādhās) | ||
The main divisions of time are: | The main divisions of time are: | ||