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Atlantic: Difference between revisions
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*: Lat. <small>TERRAM, PORTAM</small> → '''tiara, puarta''' (cf. Fr. ''terre, porte''; Lom. ''terra, porta''; It. ''terra, porta''; Sp. ''tierra, puerta''; Pt. ''terra, porta'') | *: Lat. <small>TERRAM, PORTAM</small> → '''tiara, puarta''' (cf. Fr. ''terre, porte''; Lom. ''terra, porta''; It. ''terra, porta''; Sp. ''tierra, puerta''; Pt. ''terra, porta'') | ||
Dialectally, vowel breaking was more widespread. In the North, it remained productive late enough to affect original ''ul'' (see above), but not original ''al'' or even long ''a'' (which remained *ɑ(l) for longer) - as in ''fualmin'' for standard ''folmin''. This usage extended to later loanwords, as in ''arbialg'' "hotel" for standard ''arbelg'' (Medieval Latin <small>HARIBERGUM</small>), or in the given name doublet ''Albert'' and ''Albiart'' (← <small>ALBERTUM</small>). In the North and West, it affected vowels after velars too (see Western ''cuardi'', Northern ''cuari'' for Standard/Eastern ''cordi'' "heart", or both Northern and Western ''cuarnu'' for Std. ''cornu'' (← <small>CORNŪ</small>)) and also vowels before ''n'' as in ''buan'' for Std. ''bon'' "good" (← <small>BONUM</small>). The fact these dialects break vowels before ''n'', but still only when stressed, creates even more stem alternations in the conjugation of some verbs compared to standard Atlantic, such as ''spuandi, spondimu'' for Std. ''spondi, spondimu'' "I declare, we declare" (← <small>SPONDEŌ, SPONDĒMUS</small>).<br/> | Dialectally, vowel breaking was more widespread. In the North, it remained productive late enough to affect original ''ul'' (see above), but not original ''al'' or even long ''a'' (which remained *ɑ(l) for longer) - as in ''fualmin'' for standard ''folmin''. This usage extended to later loanwords, as in ''arbialg'' "hotel" for standard ''arbelg'' (Medieval Latin <small>HARIBERGUM</small>), or in the given name doublet ''Albert'' and ''Albiart'' (← <small>ALBERTUM</small>). In the North and West, it affected vowels after velars too (see Western ''cuardi'', Northern ''cuari'' for Standard/Eastern ''cordi'' "heart", or both Northern and Western ''cuarnu'' for Std. ''cornu'' (← <small>CORNŪ</small>)) and also vowels before ''n'' as in ''buan'' for Std. ''bon'' "good" (← <small>BONUM</small>). The fact these dialects break vowels before ''n'', but still only when stressed, creates even more stem alternations in the conjugation of some verbs compared to standard Atlantic, such as ''spuandi, spondimu'' for Std. ''spondi, spondimu'' "I declare, we declare" (← <small>SPONDEŌ, SPONDĒMUS</small>).<br/> | ||
Reborrowings or learned words, especially Biblical proper nouns, often created doublets, as in the given name "Peter" being usually ''Piatr'' {{IPA|[ˈpjatar]}}, but ''Petrus'' {{IPA|[ˈpɛtrus]}} when referring to Saint Peter<ref>See Matthew 16, 18: ''I eu dihu-t: Tu iaris Petrus, i | Reborrowings or learned words, especially Biblical proper nouns, often created doublets, as in the given name "Peter" being usually ''Piatr'' {{IPA|[ˈpjatar]}}, but ''Petrus'' {{IPA|[ˈpɛtrus]}} when referring to Saint Peter<ref>See Matthew 16, 18: ''I eu dihu-t: Tu iaris Petrus, i incopa lânc piarta eḍifihoṭur sungu ma Ircexa.''</ref>. | ||
Note that original Latin long ''a'' only merged with ''o'' later, and never underwent vowel breaking. | Note that original Latin long ''a'' only merged with ''o'' later, and never underwent vowel breaking. | ||