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Minhast: Difference between revisions
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Created the Desiderative II affix for expressing different-subject "to-want" expressions. For natlangs with Desiderative verbal forms, cross-linguistically different-subject Desiderative forms are rare. Today I found 2: Inuktitut and Manambu
(Created the Desiderative II affix for expressing different-subject "to-want" expressions. For natlangs with Desiderative verbal forms, cross-linguistically different-subject Desiderative forms are rare. Today I found 2: Inuktitut and Manambu) |
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! Desiderative | ! Desiderative I (SS) | ||
| -šak- | | -šak- | ||
| to desire, wish | | to desire, wish (same Subject) | ||
| | | Used when the Controllee is the same as the Controller, e.g. ''Šakiknatūmanekāš'' "I want to go home." | ||
|- | |||
! Desiderative II (DS) | |||
| -sašp- <br/> -sassi- | |||
| to desire, wish (different Subject) | |||
| This affix differs from the Desiderative I affix in the following ways: | |||
# It is used when the Controllee is different from the Controller, e.g. ''Sašpiknatūmantaħkūš'' "I want <u>you</u> to go home." | |||
# The Desiderative II affix raises the valency, so the Transitive affix surfaces. | |||
# As this verb form creates a transitive clause, the Controller becomes the ergative argument and the Controllee becomes the absolutive argument. | |||
# The ''-sassi-'' allomorph surfaces when immediately followed by the Causative ''-šp-'' affix, e.g. ''Sassišpikallutekarūš'' "I wanted to make him eat" (i.e. I wanted to feed him). | |||
# The Desiderative II affix evolved from the fusion of the Desiderative I affix with the Causative during the Late Classical Minhast period or shortly after, when the co-occurrence of the Desiderative and the Causative was regularly used to express different-subject "to want" structures; c.f. Classical Minhast ''Šakišpikallutekarunuš'' "I wanted to cause him to eat" for "I want him to eat". | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Aversive | ! Aversive | ||
| -nisp- | | -nisp- | ||
| to avoid; to dislike, hate | | to avoid; to dislike, hate | ||
| If the Aversive co-occurs with the Desiderative, the Desiderative always precedes it, with the meaning "to wish to avoid" | | If the Aversive co-occurs with the Desiderative I affix, the Desiderative always precedes it, with the meaning "to wish to avoid" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Conative | ! Conative | ||