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== Grammar == | == Grammar == | ||
Atlantean has a very strict [[subject–object–verb]] word order, with no deviations from this pattern attested. Adjectives and nouns in the genitive case follow the nouns they modify, adpositions appear only in the form of [[postpositions]], and modal verbs follow the verbs that they modify and subsequently take all personal and aspectual suffixes. However, adverbs precede verbs. The language includes the use of an interrogative particle to form questions with no variation in word order.<ref name=prodnotes/> | Atlantean has a very strict [[w:subject–object–verb]] word order, with no deviations from this pattern attested. Adjectives and nouns in the genitive case follow the nouns they modify, adpositions appear only in the form of [[w:postpositions]], and modal verbs follow the verbs that they modify and subsequently take all personal and aspectual suffixes. However, adverbs precede verbs. The language includes the use of an interrogative particle to form questions with no variation in word order.<ref name=prodnotes/> | ||
Some sentences appear to employ some kind of particles sometimes termed "sentence connectors". These particles are of obscure meaning but are theorized to relate two clauses in a logical yet idiomatic manner.<ref name=prodnotes/> | Some sentences appear to employ some kind of particles sometimes termed "sentence connectors". These particles are of obscure meaning but are theorized to relate two clauses in a logical yet idiomatic manner.<ref name=prodnotes/> | ||
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:''No outsiders may see the city and live''. But more literally: "He sees the city {{sc|particle}} all outsiders." | :''No outsiders may see the city and live''. But more literally: "He sees the city {{sc|particle}} all outsiders." | ||
In the example above there is no actual mention of the consequences for outsiders, yet the subtitle in the movie translates it as a warning even without any mention of living or dying. A possibility exists that, in order to match the lip movement of the characters in the movie and the time of the dialogue, the language had to be shortened, often leaving out key parts of the sentence. It is known that the Atlantean lines in the movie were [[ad-libbed]] afterwards. | In the example above there is no actual mention of the consequences for outsiders, yet the subtitle in the movie translates it as a warning even without any mention of living or dying. A possibility exists that, in order to match the lip movement of the characters in the movie and the time of the dialogue, the language had to be shortened, often leaving out key parts of the sentence. It is known that the Atlantean lines in the movie were [[w:ad-libbed]] afterwards. | ||
Another example: | Another example: | ||
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Atlantean has seven [[Grammatical case|cases]] for nouns, five for pronouns and two for [[Grammatical number|numbers]]. | Atlantean has seven [[w:Grammatical case|cases]] for nouns, five for pronouns and two for [[w:Grammatical number|numbers]]. | ||
====Grammatical cases==== | ====Grammatical cases==== | ||
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! Name || Suffix || Example || English Gloss | ! Name || Suffix || Example || English Gloss | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Nominative case|Nominative]] || no suffix || yob || the crystal (subject). | | [[w:Nominative case|Nominative]] || no suffix || yob || the crystal (subject). | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Accusative case|Accusative]] || -tem || yobtem || the crystal (object). | | [[w:Accusative case|Accusative]] || -tem || yobtem || the crystal (object). | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Genitive case|Genitive]] || -ag || yobag || of the crystal | | [[w:Genitive case|Genitive]] || -ag || yobag || of the crystal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Vocative case|Vocative]] || -top {{r|footnote1|group=decimal}} || Yobtop || O Crystal! | | [[w:Vocative case|Vocative]] || -top {{r|footnote1|group=decimal}} || Yobtop || O Crystal! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Instrumental case|Instrumental]] || -esh || yobesh || using crystal | | [[w:Instrumental case|Instrumental]] || -esh || yobesh || using crystal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Essive case|Essive]] || -kup {{r|footnote2|group=decimal}} || yobkup || (as, composed of, being) crystal | | [[w:Essive case|Essive]] || -kup {{r|footnote2|group=decimal}} || yobkup || (as, composed of, being) crystal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Dative case|Dative]] || -nuh {{r|footnote3|group=decimal}} || yobnuh || (for, to, on behalf of) crystal | | [[w:Dative case|Dative]] || -nuh {{r|footnote3|group=decimal}} || yobnuh || (for, to, on behalf of) crystal | ||
|} | |} | ||
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There are five [[Grammatical case|cases]] for pronouns. | There are five [[w:Grammatical case|cases]] for pronouns. | ||
====Grammatical cases==== | ====Grammatical cases==== | ||
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! Name || Suffix || Example || English Gloss | ! Name || Suffix || Example || English Gloss | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Nominative]] || no suffix || kag || I | | [[w:Nominative]] || no suffix || kag || I | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Accusative]] || -it || kagit || me, whom was (sent), etc. | | [[w:Accusative]] || -it || kagit || me, whom was (sent), etc. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Dative]] || -ib || kagib || (to) me | | [[w:Dative]] || -ib || kagib || (to) me | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Genitive]] || -in || kagin || my (my heart, karod kagin) | | [[w:Genitive]] || -in || kagin || my (my heart, karod kagin) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Instrumental]] || -is || kagis || by my means, with (using) me, via me, etc. {{r|footnote1|group=decimal}} | | [[w:Instrumental]] || -is || kagis || by my means, with (using) me, via me, etc. {{r|footnote1|group=decimal}} | ||
|} | |} | ||