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Proto-Settameric/Swadesh list: Difference between revisions
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| 62 || kill || *əłxəmʼa || | | 62 || kill || *əłxəmʼa || | ||
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| 63 || swim || *moor, *ool || | | 63 || swim || *moor, *ool || ''*ool'' meant "passive swimming" or "floating". | ||
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| 64 || fly (v.) || | | 64 || fly (v.) || *njool, *njil || Likely old imperfective and perfective roots respectively. | ||
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| 65 || go || | | 65 || go || *wii, *haa || | ||
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| 66 || come || | | 66 || come || *θoonʼə || | ||
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| 67 || lie || | | 67 || lie || *łiiʟʼee, *łooθa || ''*łooθa'' probably meant "to lie down", but its reflexes often mean "to lie" in the daughter languages. | ||
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| 68 || sit || || | | 68 || sit || θliiqʷrə *θlaar || ''*θlaar'' was a perfective root and meant "to sit down". | ||
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| 69 || stand || | | 69 || stand || *ʟaa || The Southern languages don't show this root, instead their words for "to stand" are derived from ''*ɣaap''. | ||
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| 70 || give || | | 70 || give || – || No root can be reconstructed. | ||
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| 71 || || | | 71 || say || *qoołt || | ||
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| 72 || | | 72 || sun || *cos || All Eastern languages derive their word for "sun" from the root ''*kiŋ'' "day". | ||
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| 73 || moon || | | 73 || moon || *lʼunčə || | ||
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| 74 || star || | | 74 || star || *neejus || | ||
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| 75 || water || | | 75 || water || *qʷʰee, *wʼeep || The root ''*qʷʰee'' could mean "any liquid in general", not specifically "drinking water". | ||
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| 76 || rain || | | 76 || rain || *ijʼu || Some Southern languages point toward ''*jooɣʷ'', which is the word for "dew" in the Western languages. | ||
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| 77 || stone || | | 77 || stone || *njiɣee, *čikʷee || The root ''*čikʷee'' probably meant "large rock". | ||
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| 78 || sand || || | | 78 || sand || *qʼoop, *iłxiθ || | ||
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| 79 || land || | | 79 || land || *eemxə, *mʼee, *čakʰ || Roots ''*čakʰ'' and ''*eemxə'' likely meant "dirt". | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 80 || cloud || | | 80 || cloud || *awʼaθa, *eensur || *eensur gave words for "sky" in various languages. Some also derive them from ''awʼiin'', that likely contained the older root for "cloud ''*awʼ-''. | ||
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| 81 || smoke || | | 81 || smoke || *(a)wʼeečqee || It contains the old root ''*awʼ-'', but the initial ''*a-'' was lost in most languages. | ||
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| 82 || fire || | | 82 || fire || *eeŋeeŋqʼʷə, *fleeŋqʼʷə || Both roots contain ''*-eeŋqʼʷə'' of an unknown meaning. | ||
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| 83 || ashes || | | 83 || ashes || *kiflum, *pilaŋkʼee || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 84 || burn || | | 84 || burn || *pooł, *qʷʰał || | ||
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| 85 || path || | | 85 || path || *łəɣtə || | ||
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| 86 || mountain || | | 86 || mountain || *mooθum || | ||
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| 87 || red || | | 87 || red || *pʼač(-kə) || | ||
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| 88 || green || | | 88 || green || *qʼoomi, *tqʼoom, *quuł || Both ''*qʼoomi'' and ''*quuł'' often give words for "blue". | ||
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| 89 || yellow || | | 89 || yellow || *riiqu || | ||
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| 90 || white || | | 90 || white || *eequ || | ||
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| 91 || black || | | 91 || black || *quɣu || | ||
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| 92 || night || | | 92 || night || *tʰax, *nääɣtə, *eetʰək || | ||
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| 93 || warm || || | | 93 || warm || *pacʰee, *kʷääxi || ''*kʷääxi'' meant "hot", while ''*pacʰee'' meant "mildly warm". | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 94 || cold || | | 94 || cold || *kʼiiwŋə, *ljirqə || ''*kʼiiwŋə'' meant "mildly cool", while ''*ljirqə'' meant "freezing, cold". | ||
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| 95 || full || | | 95 || full || *njuši || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 96 || new || | | 96 || new || *cʼiiwi, *setni || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 97 || good || | | 97 || good || *qarsi || | ||
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| 98 || round || | | 98 || round || *wulun, *qʼʷeelxə, *duki || | ||
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| 99 || dry || | | 99 || dry || *qʼaarkə || | ||
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| 100 || name || | | 100 || name || *qʰal || The Southern and Far Eastern langauges derive their words for "name" from ''*akł-'' "to call" with the addition of suffixes ''*-iin'', ''*-tee'', or ''*-kə''. | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Category:Swadesh lists]] | [[Category:Swadesh lists]] | ||