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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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* '''vādį''' — without, with essive or subjunctive. Unlike English, it cannot be used anaphorically. | * '''vādį''' — without, with essive or subjunctive. Unlike English, it cannot be used anaphorically. | ||
=== | ===Correlative particles=== | ||
Chlouvānem does not have | Chlouvānem does not have correlative conjunctions as English does, because they are translated in different ways: | ||
* "both... and..." is translated | * English "both... and..." is most commonly translated as ''X Y no tan'' ("X, and also Y"), e.g. ''jādāh lañekaica no tan nanau draikate'' "both Jādāh and Lañekaica did that". | ||
*: Alternatively, the forms ''X Y no peiṃsiṭ'' ("X, and the same for Y") or ''X ..., Y peiṃsiṭ'' ("X ..., and Y the same") are also widespread, e.g. ''jādāh lañekaica no peiṃsiṭ nanau draikate''; ''nāneh lei uyųla, māra peiṃsiṭ'' "I have eaten both the bread and the mango". | |||
* English "neither... nor..." is translated by the same structures as "both... and...", but negative. In the most common usage, ''tan'' is omitted: | |||
* "neither... nor..." | *: ''jādāh lañekaica no (tan) nanau gu draikate ša'' "neither Jādāh nor Lañekaica did that"; ''nāneh lei gun uyųla ša, māra peiṃsiṭ'' "I have eaten neither the bread nor the mango". | ||
* "either... or..." is easily translated by the exclusive or (''mbu''). It is commonly only used after the second term, but it can be put after every term for emphasis: | * "either... or..." is easily translated by the exclusive or (''mbu''). It is commonly only used after the second term, but it can be put after every term for emphasis: | ||
*: ''jādāh (mbu) lañekaica mbu nanau dṛkte'' – either Jādah or Lañekaica did it. (note the singular verb) | |||
===Emphatic particles=== | ===Emphatic particles=== | ||