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|notice=IPA | |notice=IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
=What & Why Jaŋatil?= | =What & Why Jaŋatil?= | ||
<p>Jaŋatil is a common Turkic language. | <p>Jaŋatil is a common Turkic language. | ||
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==Consonants== | ==Consonants== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center style="font-size:175%"> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center style="font-size:175%"> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th><th>Bilabial<th>Labiodental<th>Dental<th>Postalveolar<th>Palatal<th>Velar<th>Glottal | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Plosive<th>p b<th><th>t d<th><th><th>k g<th>ʔ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Fricative<th>β<th>f<th>s z<th>ʃ<th><th><th>h | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Affricate<th><th><th><th><th>tɕ<th><th> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Nasal<th>m<th><th>n<th><th><th>ŋ<th> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Trill<th><th><th>r<th><th><th><th> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Approximant<th><th><th>l<th><th>j<th><th> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
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==Vowels== | ==Vowels== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th rowspan=2><th colspan=2>Front<th colspan=2>Back | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>unrounded<th>rounded<th>unrounded<th>rounded | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Close<th>i<th>y<th>ɯ<th>u | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Open<th>æ<th>œ<th>a<th>o | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
===Characteristics of the vowels=== | ===Characteristics of the vowels=== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th rowspan=2><th colspan=2>Strong<th colspan=2>Weak | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>unrounded<th>rounded<th>unrounded<th>rounded | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Hard<th>a<th>o<th>ɯ<th>u | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Soft<th>æ<th>œ<th>i<th>y | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
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===Word stress=== | ===Word stress=== | ||
<p>Word stress is <b>always</b> put on the last vowel. But if you | <p>Word stress is <b>always</b> put on the last vowel. But if you | ||
want to emphasize a word then you may stress another syllable. | want to emphasize a word then you may stress another syllable. | ||
=Writing Systems= | =Writing Systems= | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th colspan=3>Latin<th rowspan=2>Cirillic<th rowspan=2>Arabic<th rowspan=2>IPA | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>ASCII<th>Common<th>Rational | ||
<tr><th>A a<th>A a<th>A a<th>А а<th>ا<th>a | <tr><th>A a<th>A a<th>A a<th>А а<th>ا<th>a | ||
<tr><th>B b<th>B b<th>B b<th>Б б<th>ب<th>b | <tr><th>B b<th>B b<th>B b<th>Б б<th>ب<th>b | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
=Writing Examples | ==Writing Examples== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th colspan=3>Latin<th rowspan=2>Cirillic<th rowspan=2>Arabic<th rowspan=2>IPA<th rowspan=2>Translation | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>ASCII<th>Common<th>Rational | ||
<tr><th>tax<th>taş<th>taş<th>таш<th>تاش<th>taʃ<th>stone | <tr><th>tax<th>taş<th>taş<th>таш<th>تاش<th>taʃ<th>stone | ||
<tr><th>sekiz<th>sekiz<th>sâkız<th>секиз<th>ساِكىِز <br>سِاكىز<th>sækiz<th>eight | <tr><th>sekiz<th>sekiz<th>sâkız<th>секиз<th>ساِكىِز <br>سِاكىز<th>sækiz<th>eight | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
=Parts of | =Parts of Speech= | ||
<ol> | <ol> | ||
<li>Noun<ul><li>Pronoun<li>Masdar</ul> | <li>Noun<ul><li>Pronoun<li>Masdar</ul> | ||
<li>Particle | <li>Particle | ||
<ul type=circle> | <ul type=circle> | ||
<li>Joint<ul><li>Whose-ness<li>Who-ness<li>Suffix | <li>Joint<ul><li>Whose-ness<li>Who-ness<li>Suffix</ul> | ||
<li>Separate<ul><li>Postposition<li>Conjunction</ul> | <li>Separate<ul><li>Postposition<li>Conjunction</ul> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
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</ol> | </ol> | ||
=Noun | =Noun= | ||
=Personal pronouns | ==Personal pronouns== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th><th>Singular<th>Plural | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>1st person<th>ben<th>biz | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>2nd person<th>sen<th>siz | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>3rd person<th>o<th>olar | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
=Masdars | ==Masdars== | ||
<p>There are two masdars (verbal nouns): <b>V+w</b> and <b>V+mak/mek</b>: | <p>There are two masdars (verbal nouns): <b>V+w</b> and <b>V+mak/mek</b>: | ||
<p><b>İstanbulda jaşamaknı/jaşawnı umut etemn.</b> <i>I am hoping to live in Istanbul.</i> | <p><b>İstanbulda jaşamaknı/jaşawnı umut etemn.</b> <i>I am hoping to live in Istanbul.</i> | ||
=Particle | =Particle= | ||
=Whose-ness & Who-ness | ==Whose-ness & Who-ness== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th><th>Whose<th>Who<th>Verb Whose | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>ben<th>-m<th>-mn<th>-m | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>sen<th>-ŋ<th>-sŋ<th>-ŋ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>o<th>ı / i<th>(-dr)<th>(-dr) | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>biz<th>-mz<th>-bz<th>-k | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>siz<th>-ŋz<th>-sz<th>-ŋz | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>olar<th>(lar)ı / (ler)i<th>[lar(dr) / ler(dr)]<th>[lar / ler] | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
<p><b>Benniŋ başm.</b> <i>My head.</i> — <b>Ben kücikmn.</b> <i>I am small/little.</i><br> | <p><b>Benniŋ başm.</b> <i>My head.</i> — <b>Ben kücikmn.</b> <i>I am small/little.</i><br> | ||
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<b>π</b> — from Greek <b>ποιος</b> <i>who</i>. | <b>π</b> — from Greek <b>ποιος</b> <i>who</i>. | ||
=Verb | =Verb= | ||
The basic and shortest verb form (denoted by <b>V</b>) | The basic and shortest verb form (denoted by <b>V</b>) | ||
is at the same time 2nd person singular imperative. The negative | is at the same time 2nd person singular imperative. The negative | ||
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<b>Jat!</b> <i>Lie (down)!</i> — <b>Jatma!</b> <i>Don't lie (down)!</i> | <b>Jat!</b> <i>Lie (down)!</i> — <b>Jatma!</b> <i>Don't lie (down)!</i> | ||
=Voices | ==Voices== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Passive<th>-l | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Reflexive<th>-n | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Causative<th>-t<br>dır/dir | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Reciprocal<th>-ş | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
<p><b>Bak</b> <i>Look</i><br> | <p><b>Bak</b> <i>Look</i><br> | ||
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<b>Kişiler warda öpşmeŋz!</b> <i>Don't kiss in presence of others!</i><br> | <b>Kişiler warda öpşmeŋz!</b> <i>Don't kiss in presence of others!</i><br> | ||
=Tenses & Moods | ==Tenses & Moods== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th><th>Simple<th>In the Past | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Sure Future<th>V+acak/ecek+π<th>V+acak/ecek idi+τ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Present-Future<th>V+r+π<th>V+r idi+τ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Present<th>V+a/e+π<th>V+a/e idi+τ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Past<th>V+dı/di+τ<th rowspan=2>V+mış/miş idi+τ | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Unsure Past<th>V+mış/miş+π | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Conditional<th>V+sa/se+τ<th>V+sa/se idi+τ | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
=Adjective | =Adjective= | ||
=Numbers | ==Numbers== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>0<th>1<th>2<th>3<th>4<th>5<th>6<th>7<th>8<th>9 | ||
<tr><th>nöl<th>bir<th>iki<th>üc<th>tört<th>beş<th>altı<th>jedi<th>sekiz<th>tokız | <tr><th>nöl<th>bir<th>iki<th>üc<th>tört<th>beş<th>altı<th>jedi<th>sekiz<th>tokız | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>10<th>11<th>20<th>30<th>40<th>50<th>60<th>70<th>80<th>90 | ||
<tr><th>on<th>on bir<th>jirmi<th>otız<th>kırk<th>elli<th>altmış<th>jetmiş<th>seksen<th>toksan | <tr><th>on<th>on bir<th>jirmi<th>otız<th>kırk<th>elli<th>altmış<th>jetmiş<th>seksen<th>toksan | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>100<th>143<th>200<th>1000<th>8765<th>1 000 000<th>1 000 000 000<th>1 000 000 000 000 | ||
<tr><th>jüz<th>jüz kırk üc<th>iki jüz<th>miŋ<th>sekiz miŋ jedi jüz altmış beş<th>miljon<th>miljar<th>triljon | <tr><th>jüz<th>jüz kırk üc<th>iki jüz<th>miŋ<th>sekiz miŋ jedi jüz altmış beş<th>miljon<th>miljar<th>triljon | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
=Participles | ==Participles== | ||
<table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center> | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Present | ||
<tr>< | <tr><th>Present | ||
<tr><th> | <tr><th>Present | ||
<tr><th> | <tr><th>Present | ||
<tr><th> | <tr><th>Present | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
=Adverb= | |||
=Interjection= | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] |