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Rules for possession will be discussed at greater length below. | Rules for possession will be discussed at greater length below. | ||
==== Vocative ==== | |||
The vocative is expressed in Teonaht by an initial mutation. In direct address, the initial letters of Teonaht nouns will "aspirate" or "fricatize": | |||
* '''Vowels''' will acquire an "h": '''Ha Hahtttely!"''' | |||
* '''Stops''' will become fricatives: | |||
** p becomes "hp" or "f": '''Ha Hpetr!''' ("Peter"), and pronounced "fetr." | |||
** b becomes "hb" or "v": '''Ha Hbarin, ha Varin!''' ("Barin"). | |||
** t become "ht": '''Ha htamolin!''' ("My children"). | |||
** d becomes "hd": '''Ha Hdavyd''' ("David"). | |||
** k become "hk": '''Ha Hkahtryn''' ("Katherine"). | |||
** g becomes "hg": '''Ha hgwenhda''' ("little girl"--note how in these two the second syllable mutates as well from '''Katryn''' to '''Hkahtryn''' and '''gwenda''' to '''hgwenhda'''). | |||
** '''Nasals''' are "aspirated": | |||
*** m becomes "hm": '''Ha hmeo!''' ("sir") | |||
*** n becomes "hn" | |||
*** ng becomes "hng" | |||
** As are the '''glides''': | |||
*** w becomes "hw": | |||
*** l becomes "hl": | |||
*** u becomes "hu": | |||
*** r becomes "hr": | |||
** '''Fricatives''' become affricates: | |||
*** f becomes "pf" | |||
*** v becomes "bv" | |||
*** ht becomes "tht" | |||
*** hd becomes "dhd" | |||
*** s becomes "ts" | |||
*** z becomes "dz" | |||
*** hs becomes "ths" or "c" | |||
*** j becomes "dj" | |||
*** h becomes silent | |||
*** hk becomes "khk" (which ends up sounding a little bit like "cr" in Fr. '''je crains''' | |||
*** hg becomes "ghg" (ditto: a little like "gr" in Fr. '''grand''' | |||
**'''Affricates''' lose their affricating element, as do the '''aspirated nasals''' their aspiration: | |||
*** ts becomes "s" | |||
*** dz becomes "z" | |||
*** c becomes "hs" | |||
*** dj becomes "j" | |||
*** hm becomes "m" | |||
*** hn becomes "n" | |||
*** hng becomes "ng" | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||