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Bźatga: Difference between revisions
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→Morphology
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Nouns belong to one of four declensions based on the NASg. Indefinite: | Nouns belong to one of four declensions based on the NASg. Indefinite: | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" text-align:center;" | ||
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| align="center" | "shape" | | align="center" | "shape" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! align="center" | 4 | ! rowspan="3;" align="center" | 4 | ||
| align="center"| '' | | align="center"| ''trouda'' | ||
| align="center"| ''troude'' | | colspan="2;" align="center"| ''troude'' | ||
| | | align="center" | ''trouda'' | ||
| align="center" | "foot" | | align="center" | "foot" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| align="center"| ''cu'' | |||
| colspan="2;" align="center"| ''cone'' | |||
| align="center" | ''cona'' | |||
| align="center" | "dog" | |||
|- | |||
| align="center"| ''ĺeda'' | |||
| align="center"| ''ĺede'' | |||
| align="center"| ''ĺeģe'' | |||
| align="center" | ''ĺeģa'' | |||
| align="center" | "valley" | |||
|} | |} | ||
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* stem-final ''v'' or ''j'' may also disappear before ''-i'' and ''-u'' according to rules set out above, e.g. ''căbrova'' "tribesman", pl. ''căbroî''. | * stem-final ''v'' or ''j'' may also disappear before ''-i'' and ''-u'' according to rules set out above, e.g. ''căbrova'' "tribesman", pl. ''căbroî''. | ||
* stem-final ''v'' disappears before ''-v'' of the GDPl. and 3rd NAPl., e.g. ''ĺova'' "coal" (NASg.) → ''ĺova'' (GDPl.), ''ńivo'' "action, deed" (NASg.) → ''ńiva''. | * stem-final ''v'' disappears before ''-v'' of the GDPl. and 3rd NAPl., e.g. ''ĺova'' "coal" (NASg.) → ''ĺova'' (GDPl.), ''ńivo'' "action, deed" (NASg.) → ''ńiva''. | ||
* | * note the different stem shapes in the 4th declension. Most instances follow the example of ''trouda'', but these are indistinguishable from the 1st declension in their NAsg. form. Any noun with an NAsg. in ''-u'' will take ''-(o)n-'' in the remaining cases. Nouns like ''ĺeda'' have iotisation in the plural. | ||
The following nouns are irregular: | The following nouns are irregular: | ||