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Kirtumur verbs: Difference between revisions
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→Emphatic prefixes
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Finally, the third group contains the proclitic ''i-'', which marks a subordinate clause, which can be translated as "what..." or "when...", for example: '''''i-'''ōtumta kina.'' "'''What''' you have said is true", where the proclitic marks the dependent clause "you have said". The same sentence can be without a dependent clause (using a participle instead): ''laxatumēni kina''. Both constructions are equally valid in Kirtumur, however in Umunesal phrases with dependent clauses are preferred. This clitic can also be used instead of the proclitic ''lē-'' "if", the same way as in Kērsalur, from which it was borrowed into Kirtumur instead of native ''lē-''. Another proclitic from this group is ''mu-'' "because": ''eneiyihes '''mu-'''wamitimeikha'' "He did not think about it '''because''' it was not possible". | Finally, the third group contains the proclitic ''i-'', which marks a subordinate clause, which can be translated as "what..." or "when...", for example: '''''i-'''ōtumta kina.'' "'''What''' you have said is true", where the proclitic marks the dependent clause "you have said". The same sentence can be without a dependent clause (using a participle instead): ''laxatumēni kina''. Both constructions are equally valid in Kirtumur, however in Umunesal phrases with dependent clauses are preferred. This clitic can also be used instead of the proclitic ''lē-'' "if", the same way as in Kērsalur, from which it was borrowed into Kirtumur instead of native ''lē-''. Another proclitic from this group is ''mu-'' "because": ''eneiyihes '''mu-'''wamitimeikha'' "He did not think about it '''because''' it was not possible". | ||
===Emphatic prefixes=== | ===Emphatic prefixes=== | ||
There are two prefixes which have no clear meaning on their own, but can be used with verbs to express something which the speaker wishes to emphasize. These two prefixes are ''ši-'' and ''ša-'', they are always word-initial, unless preceded by a modal prefix. The prefix ''ša-'' is restricted to the past tense and the perfect, while ''ši-'' is used elsewhere, but also in the former condition before a high vowel: ''namzizim '''ši'''hisma'' "It is '''actually''' not guaranteed", ''atra | There are two prefixes which have no clear meaning on their own, but can be used with verbs to express something which the speaker wishes to emphasize. These two prefixes are ''ši-'' and ''ša-'', they are always word-initial, unless preceded by a modal prefix. The prefix ''ša-'' is restricted to the past tense and the perfect, while ''ši-'' is used elsewhere, but also in the former condition before a high vowel: ''namzizim '''ši'''hisma'' "It is '''actually''' not guaranteed", ''atra '''ši'''yipheles'' "it will '''definitely''' fall eventually". | ||
===Locative prefixes=== | ===Locative prefixes=== | ||