Umbrean: Difference between revisions

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Umbrean (view source)

Revision as of 13:54, 24 November 2012

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→‎Declension
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{{see|sub|nouns}}
{{see|sub|nouns}}
===Declension===
===Declension===
Umbrean nouns are declined according to 4 things, Gender (Magical, Living, Articial and Non-moving), Case (Intransitive, Ergative, Accusative, Postpositional and reflexive), State (Indefinate, Definate, Constructive) and Number (Plural, Singular and Paucal).
The manner in which they are declined according to these criterias are through {{lg|Circumfixes|circumfixes}} which goes at the begining and end of the word, though some circumfixes are nulled on their prefix part or suffix part. The pattern is generally complex for each noun but there is an over all general structure of where the Declension consonants are applied directly to the stem if the phonotactics allows it, if it does not the circumfixal vowels are added first and then the declension. Key thing to remember is that the circumfixal vowels, the prefix and suffix part, technicly work independetly, meaning that if only the prefix part is required to make it go and not the suffix the prefix part alone is added and not the suffix one and vice versal.
:{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=2| Case
!Desription:
|-
![http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergative_case Ergative]
! Ref
|The grammatical case that identifies the subject of a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transitive_verb transitive verb] in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergative-absolutive_language ergative-absolutive languages]
|-
![http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accusative_case Accusative]
! Acc
|The grammatical case used to mark the direct object of an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transitive_verb transitive verb]
|-
![http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intransitive_case Intransitive]
! Int
|The grammatical case used in some languages to mark the subject of an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transitive_verb transitive verb]
|-
!Postpositional
!Pst
|The grammatical case primarely used for postpositional phrases
|-
!Reflexive
!Ref
|The grammatical case used to define the subject which is acting upon itself and<br />hence is both subject and object, also used for middle voice
|}
:{| {{style|center}}
!Name
!Amount
|-
!Singular
|1
|-
!Paucal
|2-6
|-
!Plural
|6&lt;
|}
:{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=5 | Vowel Circumfix
|-
!Gender→ <br> Case↓
! Mag
! Liv
! Art
! Non
|-
! Int
| rowspan=2 | (e)- -(u) || (ee)- -(ü) || colspan=2 | (yy)- -(ë)
|-
! Erg
| colspan=2 | (i)- -(oo) || rowspan=2 | (e)- -(ü)
|-
! Acc
| colspan=2 | (o)- -(a) || rowspan=2 | (e)- -(u)
|-
! Pst
| rowspan=2 | (oo)- -(y) || (ö)- -(ëë)
|-
! Ref
| colspan=3 | (ü)- -(ii)
|}
:{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=29 |Case Declension
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! rowspan=1 | Number<br />↓
! State→<br />Case↓
! <small>Indef.</small> !! <small>Def.</small> !! <small>Const.</small>
|-
! rowspan=10 | Singular
! rowspan=2 | Int
| Ø- -Ø || l- -Ø || Ø- -tw
|-
| aamjo || laamjo || aamjot
|-
! rowspan=2 | Erg
| Ø- -s || colspan=2 | tl- -s
|-
| aamjos || colspan=2 | tlaamjos
|-
! rowspan=2 | Acc
| m- -Ø || ml- -Ø || mt- -l
|-
| maamjo || mlaamjo || mtaamjol
|-
! rowspan=2 | Pst
| Ø- -tš || šl- -Ø || tš- -l
|-
|
|-
! rowspan=2 | Ref
| colspan=2 | f- -l || ft- -l
|-
|
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! rowspan=10 | Paucal
! rowspan=2 | Int
| s- -Ø || colspan=2 | glj- -t
|-
| saamjo || colspan=2 | gljaamjot
|-
! rowspan=2 | Erg
| colspan=2 | l- -ff || g- -dzj
|-
| colspan=2 | laamjoff || gaamjodzj
|-
! rowspan=2 | Acc
| ŋŋ- -Ø || ŋl- -Ø || ŋk- -l
|-
| ŋŋaamjo || ŋlaamjo || ŋkaamjol
|-
! rowspan=2 | Pst
| colspan=2 | ǧ- -tšwl || tǧ- -tšw
|-
| colspan=2 | ǧaamjotšwl || tǧaamjotšw
|-
! rowspan=2 | Ref
| vj- -gw || colspan=2 | vl- -gw
|-
|
|- style="border-top:2px solid;"
! rowspan=10 | Plural
! rowspan=2 | Int
| ž- -Ø || žl- -Ø || dž- -l
|-
| žaamjo || žlaamjo || džaamjol
|-
! rowspan=2 | Erg
| Ø- -zz || l- -zw || dzj- -tj
|-
| aamjozz || laamjozw || dzjaamjotj
|-
! rowspan=2 | Acc
| nn- -Ø || colspan=2 | nl- -tj
|-
| nnaamjo || colspan=2 | nlaamjotj
|-
! rowspan=2 | Pst
| Ø- -dž || colspan=2 | dž- -l
|-
| aamjodž || colspan=2 | džaamjol
|-
! rowspan=2 | Ref
| ž- -s || colspan=2 | ž- -sl
|-
| žaamjos || colspan=2 | žaamjosl
|}
===Possession===
===Possession===


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