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User:Ceige/Proto-Kamut: Difference between revisions
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Added two sets of numerals
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| Third Person Distal || -ənə || -ənəik || -ənəit || | | Third Person Distal || -ənə || -ənəik || -ənəit || | ||
|} | |||
== Vocabulary == | |||
=== Numerals === | |||
Apart from the singular, dual and plural numbers, the proto-language also possessed multiple sets of numerals for counting. These were suffixed variously, with -ti and -ma being popular. Furthermore, these suffixes could be combined with the partitive, both for simply counting individuals, and for making note of how many individuals formed a collective. This thus yielded -tit and -mat. | |||
The two main attested sets of numerals are called the "Herder" and "Traveller" numerals respectively. The defining characteristics of the two are that Herder numerals can be quite long and rhythmic, while Traveller numerals are often two to three morae long, and having more patterns; however, both sets of numbers appear to share a tendency to internally derive new numbers and avoid unique roots. | |||
It became common in later stages of the proto-language to mix number sets with each other and with loaned number sets too. | |||
==== Herder Numerals ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Numeral !! Proto-Form !! Later forms !! Etymology !! Explanation | |||
|- | |||
| 1 || (s)in- || sinni, simma || si-(i)n- || "one" | |||
|- | |||
| 2 || n(i)ik- || niksi, ninga || (i)n-ik- || "two ones" | |||
|- | |||
| 3 || til- || tilli, tilma || (i)t-il-* || "with plural" | |||
|- | |||
| 4 || tuk- || tuksi, tunga || tu-k- || "with two" | |||
|- | |||
| 5 || intukak- || innukaksi, innukanga || (s)in-tuk-ək- || "one with four" | |||
|- | |||
| 6₁ || tilik- || tiliksi, tilinga || til-ik- "two threes" | |||
|- | |||
| 6₂ || n(i)ikitil- || niitilli, niitilma || n(i)ik-i-til- || "three by two" | |||
|- | |||
| 7 || tiltuk- || tilluksi, tillunga || til-tuk- || "three-four" | |||
|- | |||
| 8 || tukik- || tukiksi, tukinga || tuk-ik- || "two fours" | |||
|- | |||
| 9₁ || inəkänlä || ingälläsi, ingälläma || (s)in-ək-än-lä (nikikək)- || "(ten) not with one" | |||
|- | |||
| 9₂ || inətək- || innaksi, innanga || (s)in-ət-ək- (nikikək)- || "(ten) without one" | |||
|- | |||
| 10 || nikikək- || niikaksi, niikanga || n(i)ik-i-((s)in-tu)k-ək- || "five by two" | |||
|} | |||
Numerals beyond 5 are less regularly attested. | |||
==== Traveller Numerals ==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Numeral !! Proto-Form !! Explanation | |||
|- | |||
| 1 || ipti || ipsi || "one" | |||
|- | |||
| 2 || (i)pikti || (i)piksi || "two-ones" | |||
|- | |||
| 3 || mitti || mitsi || "three" | |||
|- | |||
| 4 || jotti || jotsi || "four" | |||
|- | |||
| 5 || tipti || tipsi || "five" | |||
|- | |||
| 6 || maikti || maiksi || "two-threes" | |||
|- | |||
| 7 || nopti || nopsi || "seven" | |||
|- | |||
| 8 || jaukti || jauksi || "two-fours" | |||
|- | |||
| 9 || qapti || qapsi || "nine" | |||
|- | |||
| 10₁ || tipikti || tipiksi || "ten" | |||
|- | |||
| 10₂ || tupukti || tuuksi || "ten" | |||
|} | |} | ||
== References and Notes == | == References and Notes == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||