Aterran Imperial: Difference between revisions

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Aterran Imperial (view source)

Revision as of 18:32, 20 April 2022

5,780 bytes added ,  20 April 2022
→‎Orthography & Romanization
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!width=50| IPA
!width=50| IPA
!width=600 style="text-align: left;"| Description
!width=600 style="text-align: left;"| Description
!width=200| Example
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| '''a'''
| '''a'''
| ɑ
| a~ɑ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈a〉 in English ''father''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈a〉 in English ''father''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: aggè#Modern Standard Imperial|aggè]]''''' ‘some’
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| '''ae'''
| '''ae'''
| aj
| aj
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''wine''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''wine''.  
|-
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: blaesh#Modern Standard Imperial|blaesh]]''''' ‘144’
|
|
| '''ai'''
| aj
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''wine''.
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| '''ao'''
| '''ao'''
| aw
| aw
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ow〉 in English ''house''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ow〉 in English ''house''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: lhao#Modern Standard Imperial|lhao]]''''' ‘above’
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| '''à'''
| '''à'''
| æ
| æ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈a〉 in English ''bat''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈a〉 in English ''bat''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: pàn#Modern Standard Imperial|pàn]]''''' ‘child’
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| '''b'''
| '''b'''
| b
| b
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈b〉 in English ''bot''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈b〉 in English ''bot''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: blizh#Modern Standard Imperial|beblizh]]''''' ‘pair of eyes’
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| '''bb'''
| '''bb'''
| bv
| bv
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈bv〉 in English ''obvious''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈bv〉 in English ''obvious''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: rabba#Modern Standard Imperial|rabba]]''''' ‘swim’
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| v
| v
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈v〉 in English ''very''. Identical to 〈v〉, but from an earlier /bʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈v〉 in English ''very''. Identical to 〈v〉, but from an earlier /bʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: raebh#Modern Standard Imperial|raebh]]''''' ‘new’
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| '''d'''
| '''d'''
| d
| d
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈d〉 in English ''day''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈d〉 in English ''day''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: dehi#Modern Standard Imperial|dehi]]''''' ‘to do’
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| dz
| dz
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈dz〉 in English ''adze''. Identical to 〈tz〉, but from an earlier /dd/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈dz〉 in English ''adze''. Identical to 〈tz〉, but from an earlier /dd/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: yadde#Modern Standard Imperial|yadde]]''''' ‘old’
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| '''dh'''
| '''dh'''
| ð
| ð
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈th〉 in English ''this''. (Never as in ''thin''.)
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈th〉 in English ''this''. (Never as in ''thin''.)  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: kladha#Modern Standard Imperial|kladha]]''''' ‘9’
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| dɮ
| dɮ
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Identical to 〈dlh〉, but from an earlier /dl/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Identical to 〈dlh〉, but from an earlier /dl/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: dlaka#Modern Standard Imperial|dlaka]]''''' ‘snake’
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| '''dlh'''
| '''dlh'''
| dɮ
| dɮ
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. The sound of 〈d〉 followed immediately by 〈lh〉.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. The sound of 〈d〉 followed immediately by 〈lh〉.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: dlhu#Modern Standard Imperial|dlhu]]''''' ‘not’
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| '''dzh'''
| '''dzh'''
| dʒ
| dʒ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈j〉 in English ''joke''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈j〉 in English ''joke''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: dzhote#Modern Standard Imperial|dzhote]]''''' ‘young’
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| '''e'''
| '''e'''
| e
| e
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈e〉 in Spanish ''vero''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈e〉 in Spanish ''vero''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: etlh#Modern Standard Imperial|etlh]]''''' ‘4’
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| '''ei'''
| '''ei'''
| ej
| ej
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ay〉 in English ''day''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ay〉 in English ''day''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: hei#Modern Standard Imperial|hei]]''''' ‘you all’
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| '''eu'''
| '''eu'''
| ew
| ew
|style="text-align: left;"| Like the 〈e〉 in ''egg'' followed immediately by 〈w〉.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like the 〈e〉 in ''egg'' followed immediately by 〈w〉.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: meu#Modern Standard Imperial|meu]]''''' ‘me’
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| '''è'''
| '''è'''
| ɛ
| ɛ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈e〉 in English ''bet''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈e〉 in English ''bet''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: shviè#Modern Standard Imperial|shviè]]''''' ‘ice’
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| '''f'''
| '''f'''
| f
| f
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈f〉 in English ''foot''. Identical to 〈ph〉.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈f〉 in English ''foot''. Identical to 〈ph〉.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: fortal#Modern Standard Imperial|fortal]]''''' ‘rope’
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| '''g'''
| '''g'''
| ɡ
| ɡ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈g〉 in English ''get''. (Never as in ''gel''.)
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈g〉 in English ''get''. (Never as in ''gel''.)  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: gathka#Modern Standard Imperial|gathka]]''''' ‘steal’
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| '''gg'''
| '''gg'''
| ɡʒ
| ɡʒ
|style="text-align: left;"| A little like 〈gg〉 in English ''suggest''. A 〈g〉 followed by a 〈zh〉 (see).
|style="text-align: left;"| A little like 〈gg〉 in English ''suggest''. A 〈g〉 followed by a 〈zh〉 (see).  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: ngaggè#Modern Standard Imperial|ngaggè]]''''' ‘sometime’
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| '''h'''
| '''h'''
| h
| h
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈h〉 in English ''have''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈h〉 in English ''have''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: hati#Modern Standard Imperial|hati]]''''' ‘finish’
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| '''i'''
| '''i'''
| i
| i
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''machine''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''machine''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: ilè#Modern Standard Imperial|ilè]]''''' ‘1’
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| '''ie'''
| '''ie'''
| jɛ
| jɛ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ye〉 in English ''yet''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ye〉 in English ''yet''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: iel#Modern Standard Imperial|iel]]''''' ‘other’
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| '''iu'''
| '''iu'''
| ju
| ju
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈you〉 in English ''you''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈you〉 in English ''you''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''ì'''
| '''ì'''
| ɪ
| ɪ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''bit''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈i〉 in English ''bit''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: trìdla#Modern Standard Imperial|trìdla]]''''' ‘why’
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| '''k'''
| '''k'''
| k
| k
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈k〉 in English ''keep''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈k〉 in English ''keep''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: kashkì#Modern Standard Imperial|kashkì]]''''' ‘very’
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| kʃ
| kʃ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ct〉 in English ''action''. Identical to 〈kk〉, but from earlier /kʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ct〉 in English ''action''. Identical to 〈kk〉, but from earlier /kʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: khìth#Modern Standard Imperial|khìth]]''''' ‘dirty’
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| kʃ
| kʃ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ct〉 in English ''action''. Identical to 〈kh〉, but from earlier /kk/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ct〉 in English ''action''. Identical to 〈kh〉, but from earlier /kk/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: ukka#Modern Standard Imperial|ukka]]''''' ‘6’
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| '''l'''
| '''l'''
| l
| l
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈l〉 in English ''laugh''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈l〉 in English ''laugh''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''lh'''
| '''lh'''
| ɬ~ɮ
| ɬ~ɮ
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Like 〈ll〉 in Welsh ''llygoden'', but usually voiced.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Like 〈ll〉 in Welsh ''llygoden'', but usually voiced.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''m'''
| '''m'''
| m
| m
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈m〉 in English ''man''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈m〉 in English ''man''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''n'''
| '''n'''
| n
| n
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈n〉 in English ''no''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈n〉 in English ''no''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''ng'''
| '''ng'''
| ŋ
| ŋ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ng〉 in English ''singer''. (Never as in ''finger'' or ''ginger''.)
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ng〉 in English ''singer''. (Never as in ''finger'' or ''ginger''.)  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| o
| o
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oa〉 in English ''boat''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oa〉 in English ''boat''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''ò'''
| '''ò'''
| ɔ
| ɔ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈au〉 in English ''caught''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈au〉 in English ''caught''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''p'''
| '''p'''
| p
| p
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈p〉 in English ''put''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈p〉 in English ''put''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| f
| f
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈f〉 in English ''foot''. Identical to 〈f〉, but from earlier /pʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈f〉 in English ''foot''. Identical to 〈f〉, but from earlier /pʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| pf
| pf
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Like 〈pf〉 in German ''Apfel''. From earlier /pp/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Like 〈pf〉 in German ''Apfel''. From earlier /pp/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''r'''
| '''r'''
| ɾ
| ɾ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈r〉 in Spanish ''pero''; like 〈t〉 in (American) English ''water''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈r〉 in Spanish ''pero''; like 〈t〉 in (American) English ''water''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''s'''
| '''s'''
| s
| s
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈s〉 in English ''soap''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈s〉 in English ''soap''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''sh'''
| '''sh'''
| ʃ
| ʃ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈sh〉 in English ''shoe''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈sh〉 in English ''shoe''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| '''t'''
| '''t'''
| t
| t
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈t〉 in English ''table''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈t〉 in English ''table''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| θ
| θ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈th〉 in English ''thing''. (Never as in ''these''.) From earlier /tʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈th〉 in English ''thing''. (Never as in ''these''.) From earlier /tʰ/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| tɬ
| tɬ
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Identical to 〈tlh〉, but from an earlier /tl/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an English sound. Identical to 〈tlh〉, but from an earlier /tl/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''tlh'''
| '''tlh'''
| tɬ
| tɬ
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an english sound. Like 〈tl〉 in Nahuatl ''coyotl''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Not an english sound. Like 〈tl〉 in Nahuatl ''coyotl''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''ts'''
| '''ts'''
| ts
| ts
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ts〉 in English ''cats''. Identical to 〈tt〉.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ts〉 in English ''cats''. Identical to 〈tt〉.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''tsh'''
| '''tsh'''
| tʃ
| tʃ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ch〉 in English ''chair''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ch〉 in English ''chair''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
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| ts
| ts
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ts〉 in English ''cats''. Identical to 〈ts〉, but from earlier /tt/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ts〉 in English ''cats''. Identical to 〈ts〉, but from earlier /tt/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''tz'''
| '''tz'''
| dz
| dz
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ds〉 in English ''ads''. Identical to 〈dz〉, but from an earlier /ts/ that became voiced.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈ds〉 in English ''ads''. Identical to 〈dz〉, but from an earlier /ts/ that became voiced.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''u'''
| '''u'''
| u
| u
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oo〉 in English ''boot''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oo〉 in English ''boot''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''ua'''
| '''ua'''
| wɑ
| wɑ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈wa〉 in English ''want''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈wa〉 in English ''want''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''ue'''
| '''ue'''
| we
| we
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈we〉 in English ''went''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈we〉 in English ''went''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''ui'''
| '''ui'''
| wi
| wi
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈wee〉 in English ''week''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈wee〉 in English ''week''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''ù'''
| '''ù'''
| ʊ
| ʊ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oo〉 in English ''good''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈oo〉 in English ''good''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| v
| v
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈v〉 in English ''very''. Identical to 〈bh〉, but from earlier /w/.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈v〉 in English ''very''. Identical to 〈bh〉, but from earlier /w/.
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
|-
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| '''y'''
| '''y'''
| j
| j
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈y〉 in English ''yes''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈y〉 in English ''yes''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''z'''
| '''z'''
| z
| z
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈z〉 in English ''zoo''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈z〉 in English ''zoo''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|-
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| '''zh'''
| '''zh'''
| ʒ
| ʒ
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈si〉 in English ''vision'' or 〈g〉 in French ''genre''.
|style="text-align: left;"| Like 〈si〉 in English ''vision'' or 〈g〉 in French ''genre''.  
|style="text-align: left;"| '''''[[Contionary: xxxxx#Modern Standard Imperial|xxxxx]]''''' ‘’
|}
|}


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