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Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions
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:See also: [[Verse:Irta/Hebrew#Tsarfati Hebrew]] | :See also: [[Verse:Irta/Hebrew#Tsarfati Hebrew]] | ||
Ăn Yidiș is written in an adapted Hebrew alphabet. As in our Yiddish, non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words are usually written phonetically (except when initial lenition is specified). Vowels are written with full letters or with full letters with vowel diacritics. Though Ăn Yidiș speakers tend to omit niqqud diacritics, they'll be used consistently in this article. | Ăn Yidiș is written in an adapted Hebrew alphabet. As in our Yiddish, non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words are usually written phonetically (except when initial lenition is specified). Vowels are written with full letters or with full letters with vowel diacritics. Though Ăn Yidiș speakers tend to omit niqqud diacritics, they'll be used consistently in this article. | ||
=== IFAY orthography === | |||
This article uses the IFAY orthography, described below. Trician Ăn Yidiș uses a hyper-etymological orthography for native words. | This article uses the IFAY orthography which is used in Irta, described below. Trician Ăn Yidiș uses a hyper-etymological orthography for native words, reflecting the distinction between PIE breathy-voiced and voiced stops. | ||
===Consonants=== | ====Consonants==== | ||
Assume no initial lenition. The consonants are spelled as follows in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words: | Assume no initial lenition. The consonants are spelled as follows in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words: | ||
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Historical slender r becomes ''ș'' /ʃ/ after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops: כּשעי e.g. ''cșey'' /kʰʃej/ 'earth, soil'. | Historical slender r becomes ''ș'' /ʃ/ after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops: כּשעי e.g. ''cșey'' /kʰʃej/ 'earth, soil'. | ||
===Vowels=== | ====Vowels==== | ||
On the null initial, vowels are spelled as follows (in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words): | On the null initial, vowels are spelled as follows (in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words): | ||
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* A dagesh on bet, gimel, kaf, pe, or tav is always written when they represent their unlenited values, i.e. /p k kh ph th/. Note that ת = /s/ in Hebrew and Aramaic loans. | * A dagesh on bet, gimel, kaf, pe, or tav is always written when they represent their unlenited values, i.e. /p k kh ph th/. Note that ת = /s/ in Hebrew and Aramaic loans. | ||
===Other notes=== | ====Other notes==== | ||
By folk etymology, some native words which are coincidentally similar to Hebrew words are spelled as if they were derived from Hebrew: | By folk etymology, some native words which are coincidentally similar to Hebrew words are spelled as if they were derived from Hebrew: | ||
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* The spelling of ייִדאך ''Yidăch'' 'Jew(ish)' was influenced by the Hebrew word יהודי 'ibid.'; the expected phonetic spelling would be ייִטאך. (It actually came via Middle Irish ''*Iúdach''.) | * The spelling of ייִדאך ''Yidăch'' 'Jew(ish)' was influenced by the Hebrew word יהודי 'ibid.'; the expected phonetic spelling would be ייִטאך. (It actually came via Middle Irish ''*Iúdach''.) | ||
Like Japanese, Ăn Yidiș does not usually use question marks; they're unnecessary because of question particles (they're still used in transliteration in this article). Question marks are only used when no interrogative particle or word is used, e.g. in single-word questions. The same convention is used when Ăn Yidiș speakers write in Hebrew. | Like Japanese, Ăn Yidiș does not usually use question marks; they're unnecessary because of question particles (they're still used in transliteration in this article). Question marks are only used when no interrogative particle or word is used, e.g. in single-word questions. The same convention is used when Ăn Yidiș speakers write in Hebrew. | ||
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(In non-Jewish loan morphemes tenuis stops are spelled as emphatics: e.g. -אק ''-ăg'' which comes from Brythonic.) | (In non-Jewish loan morphemes tenuis stops are spelled as emphatics: e.g. -אק ''-ăg'' which comes from Brythonic.) | ||
Consonants from historical lenition in native words are always written as the appropriate Hebrew letters with rafe, as in Crackfic Trician Irish. | |||
=== Punctuation === | |||
== Dialects == | == Dialects == | ||