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Northeadish: Difference between revisions
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**ʀ+S → rS, ''faðʀ'' ‘father’ → dative plural ''fæðrᴍ'' | **ʀ+S → rS, ''faðʀ'' ‘father’ → dative plural ''fæðrᴍ'' | ||
**but x+V → xV, ''cynx'' ‘king’ → plural ''cynxʀ'', not **''cynŋʀ'' | **but x+V → xV, ''cynx'' ‘king’ → plural ''cynxʀ'', not **''cynŋʀ'' | ||
==The Reform Alphabet== | |||
In addition to the standard alphabet (also called the “Standard Literary Alphabet”), Northeadish can also be written with a simplified script called simply the “Reform Alphabet.” Whereas the Standard Literary Alphabet conforms to many of the rules of more traditional Germanic languages such as Old English, Old Norse, Old Saxon, &c, the Reform Alphabet is much more consistent with the orthographic conventions of modern Germanic languages like Swedish, Icelandic, or Dutch, and can be a bit of a stickler for function and efficiency at the expense of form and æsthetics. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| ''á'' || ''bé'' || ''dé'' || ''eðe'' || ''é'' || ''ef'' || ''gé'' || ''hé'' || ''i'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''Aa''' || '''Bb''' || '''Dd''' || '''Ðð''' || '''Ee''' || '''Ff''' || '''Gg''' || '''Hh''' || '''Ii''' | |||
|- | |||
| a || b || d || ð || e,ə || f || g || h,x || iː | |||
|- | |||
| ''jot'' || ''ké'' || ''el'' || ''em'' || ''en'' || ''o'' || ''pé'' || ''er'' || ''es'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''Jj''' || '''Kk''' || '''Ll''' || '''Mm''' || '''Nn''' || '''Oo''' || '''Pp''' || '''Rr''' || '''Ss''' | |||
|- | |||
| j || k || l || m || n || oː || p || r || s | |||
|- | |||
| ''té'' || ''ú'' || ''vé'' || ''wo'' || ''ý'' || ''azet'' || ''þé'' || ''å'' || ''ø'' | |||
|- | |||
| '''Tt''' || '''Uu''' || '''Vv''' || '''Ww''' || '''Yy''' || '''Zz''' || '''Þþ''' || '''Åå''' || '''Øø''' | |||
|- | |||
| t || ʊ || v || w || ʏ || z || θ || ɔ(ː) || øː | |||
|} | |||
Non-alphabetic variants: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| '''Áá''' || '''Éé''' || '''el''' || '''em''' || '''en''' || '''eng''' || '''er''' | |||
|- | |||
| ɑː || eː || ɫ̩ || m̩|| n̩|| ŋ̩|| r̩ | |||
|- | |||
| '''ng''' || '''ngg''' || '''Úú''' || '''ugw''' || '''uhw''' || '''ukw''' || '''Ýý''' | |||
|- | |||
| ŋ|| ŋg|| uː|| ʊgw || ʊxw || ʊkw || yː | |||
|} | |||
The Reform Alphabet has many fewer letters than the Standard Literary Alphabet (twenty-seven as opposed to forty-four), and, alphabetically, long and short variants of vowels are considered the same letter. It follows the standard alphabetical order of other Germanic languages (that is, the standard Latin order, followed by thorn, a-ring, and o-slash). Unlike Icelandic, however, long vowels are not considered separate letters alphabetically. Long vowels are indicated by an acute accent, as in Icelandic or Faroese; those long vowels which no longer have a short equivalent (i, o, and ø) are written without any diacritic. | |||
The names of the letters are standardized to Latin letters and are no longer associated with earlier runic names. All characters fall within the Basic Latin and Latin-1 Supplement Unicode character ranges. | |||
The schwa is represented by ‘e’ rather than ‘a’. Syllabics do not have their own characters, but are instead represented by digraphs of a vowel (usually ‘e’) and the corresponding sonorant. The labiovelar letters are broken down by their equivalent onsets (always ‘u’), nuclei (g, h, or k), and codas (always ‘w’), and only those parts which are pronounced are written out; i.e., they are written as Cw- when word-initial, -uCw- when medial, and -uC when word-final. (A ‘u’ is used before a syllabic instead of ‘w’.) The velar nasal is represented by the digraph ‘ng’. | |||
Punctuation in the reform alphabet uses no special symbols (such as the lowered quotation mark). Single- and double-quotes are written at their standard height and are not kerned with lower punctuation, and only the standard question mark is used. | |||