8,625
edits
Dundulanyä: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m
→Irregular vocatives
| Line 756: | Line 756: | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
{{col-end}} | {{col-end}} | ||
====Singularia and pluralia tantum==== | |||
'''Pluralia tantum''' in Dundulanyä include the following nouns or categories of words: | |||
# many collective nouns: | |||
#: ''sūmi'' "hair", ''kāraṇḍhai'' "guts", ''rälsi'' "limbs", ''padagṇyauṣi'' "sons and daughters", ''gauṃsiḫi'' "cutlery", ''lampai'' "dishes, dishware" | |||
# things that are heterogeneous in form but considered as a single entity: | |||
#: ''katanai'' "clutter", ''dūḍhvi'' "banquet, buffet"; ''frāṇagi'' (a type of sandals made from straw rope), ''kuntilatiri'' "streaming"<ref>The word ''latiri'' is the plural of ''latire'' (wave, ray), but the compound itself does not have a singular form.</ref>, ''läjñyai'' "magic", ''ucururai'' "savings", ''rudhmai'' "resin", ''ḍotvi'' "fat", ''prāvṛḍḍi'' "controller" | |||
# certain actions and processes that involve multiple people: | |||
#: ''vāb̃nīyai'' "elections", ''viṣlāviḫi'' "protest, riot", ''lipmūyai'' "traffic jam", ''kardātatalavibi'' "hide-and-seek" (sometimes also found as dual) | |||
# nouns denoting certain time spans, festivals, or holidays: | |||
#: ''saṃlallai'' "afternoon", ''Bhaitrāvāṣri'' (the most important Yunyalīlti festivity); ''Kūlḫanari'' (a winter festival of Kenengyry origin) | |||
<!-- # a few illnesses and health conditions or disorders: | |||
#: --> | |||
# some locations, including large delimited areas, as well as many toponyms: | |||
#: <!-- ''sūmeri'' ..., -->''ābābi'' "square", ''cadātāyi'' "tropics" | |||
#: ''Mūnnakṣalti'', ''Anābāndirai'' | |||
# all ethnonyms: | |||
#: ''dundulanyä'' "Dundulanyä", ''ṣurṭāgi'' "Skyrdegan(s)", ''tayubeśī'' "Toyubeshians", ''laḫābī'' "Laḫobs" | |||
A few nouns do not have a singular, but can have a dual and a plural form. Their citation form is usually the dual: | |||
: ''maihādhūve'' "parents", ''kardātatalavibive'' "hide-and-seek" (most commonly a plurale tantum) | |||
Counted among pluralia tantum are certain words which are not defective in number, but whose plural forms have an additional meaning alongside the one of the singular form, like in the following examples: | |||
: ''hamvilti'' "nursery" (''hamvilte'' "cradle"), ''īskāvidai'' "playground" (''īskāvida'' "swing"), ''utofi'' "clothes" (''utofe'' "cloth"), ''garaṇai'' "clock, watch" (''garaṇa'' "hour"), ''anutū'' "universe" (''anutu'' "space, invisible sky") | |||
====Irregular vocatives==== | ====Irregular vocatives==== | ||