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Varangian: Difference between revisions
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===Adjectives=== | |||
====Declension==== | |||
Adjectives can be declined either strong or weak. Weak forms are used when modifying definite nouns, while strong forms are used otherwise. However, certain adjectives can only take one of the two patterns irrespective of definiteness. | |||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center" | |||
|+ Strong adjective declension | |||
! Number !! Case !! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut. | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"| Singular | |||
! nom./acc. | |||
| - | |||
| -ă | |||
| -t¹ | |||
|- | |||
! gen./dat. | |||
| -s² | |||
| -(ř)i³ | |||
| [u]-u | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"| Plural | |||
! nom./acc. | |||
| -ir⁴ | |||
| -ăr | |||
| [u]- | |||
|- | |||
! gen./dat. | |||
| colspan="3"| [u]-(u)m⁵ | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
'''Notes:''' | |||
¹ Dental consonants (''-t-, -d-, -þ-, -ð-,'' and ''-n-'') assimilate to ''-t'' and are dropped. | |||
² ''-s'' is dropped after postalveolar consonants. | |||
³ ''-ř-'' is dropped after the consonants ''-r-, -s-, -n-,'' and ''-l-'', which are then palatalized in its stead. | |||
⁴ ''-ir'' causes palatalization of the previous consonant (if applicable). | |||
⁵ ''-u-'' is dropped after a vowel. | |||
⁶ As mentioned previously in this article, some adjectives have a final palatalization, ''-j-'' or ''-v-'' that appears before endings beginning in a vowel but is dropped otherwise. | |||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center" | |||
|+ Weak adjective declension | |||
! Number !! Case !! Masc. !! Fem. !! Neut. | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"| Singular | |||
! nom./acc. | |||
| colspan="3"| -ă¹ | |||
|- | |||
! gen./dat. | |||
| -ă¹ | |||
| -u | |||
| -ă¹ | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"| Plural | |||
! nom./acc. | |||
| colspan="3" rowspan="2"| -u | |||
|- | |||
! gen./dat. | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
'''Notes:''' | |||
¹ ''-ă'' is dropped after a vowel. | |||
====Placement==== | |||
Adjectives may precede or follow the nouns they modify. When a weak adjective is used with a definite noun, the definite article is attached to whichever word comes last (whether it is the noun or adjective). | |||
====Comparative and superlative==== | |||
* Comparative: ''mer'' "more" + adjective | |||
* Superlative: ''mest'' "most" + adjective | |||
* Some adjectives have irregular comparatives and superlatives. | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||