User:Chrysophylax/fd: Difference between revisions

#merge centum: [+palatal +velar] → [-palatal +velar]

#dental separation and simplification: TT → TsT → *ss

#metathesis of thorn clusters: TK > KT

#loss of laryngeals before vowel (triple reflex, Greek-style)

#: *h₁e → *e~i

#: *eh₃ → *ō

#epenthetic *ə inserted before syllabic resonants

#loss of laryngeal between two consonants: (CHC → CəC)

#: *H → *ə  (except: #_R where *H → h)

# nasal + velar → *nn

# PT, KT join TT in → *ss

#merger of *ə and short *a

#fricativization and devoicing of syllable-initial velar consonants before *w, *r, *l

#lengthening of *a in closed and stressed syllables

#labiovelar sequences simplify to *w / V_V

#raising of *o after *w

#[-voice +stop] → [+voice +stop] / R_V

#lowering of *e → *æ when following syllable has a low vowel. (active surface filter)

#Shift to strong initial expiratory stress

# *p *t *k → *β *ð *ɣ / V_V, R_

# *z → *r / V_V, V_#

#merger of locative and instrumental cases

# *x → *s / _s

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# fortition of *β *ð *ɣ → *bʰ *dʰ *gʰ

# unstressed *ē → ai (operating during period of contraction)

# contraction

#: *o + *e → *ē

#: ''*hrāra'' → ''*rāra'' ( < *Hroseh₂ )  

#shortening of long final vowels after a stressed syllable

#vocalisation of semi-vowels / #C_V

#<s>V:, V:C and VCC become standard</s>

#<s>: ''*wóran'' → ''*wṓrann'' </s>