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# fortition of *β *ð *ɣ → *bʰ *dʰ *gʰ | # fortition of *β *ð *ɣ → *bʰ *dʰ *gʰ | ||
#: ''*néβāt'' → ''*nébʰāt'' ‘nephew’ | #: ''*néβāt'' → ''*nébʰāt'' ‘nephew’ | ||
# ''-yā'' (f.) ( < *-yeh₂) forms increase significantly. | |||
# unstressed *ē → ai (operating during period of contraction) | # unstressed *ē → ai (operating during period of contraction) | ||
#: ''*pádʰēr'' → ''*pádʰair'' ‘father’ | #: ''*pádʰēr'' → ''*pádʰair'' ‘father’ |