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Colonial Izhkut: Difference between revisions
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| nativename = jënn Uesi, yojjun Uesi, yojjun misogra | | nativename = jënn Uesi, yojjun Uesi, yojjun misogra | ||
| pronunciation = ˈd͡ʒeːn ʊ̯esi]<br>[ˈjɔːd͡ʒun ʊ̯esi | | pronunciation = ˈd͡ʒeːn ʊ̯esi]<br>[ˈjɔːd͡ʒun ʊ̯esi | ||
| pronunciation_key = IPA for Izhkut | |||
| creator = User:Jukethatbox | | creator = User:Jukethatbox | ||
| created = 2025 | | created = 2025 | ||
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| notice = ipa | | notice = ipa | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Colonial Izhkut''',{{efn|General Colonial: ''jënn Uesi'', ''yojjun Uesi'' [[ | '''Colonial Izhkut''',{{efn|General Colonial: ''jënn Uesi'', ''yojjun Uesi'' [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈd͡ʒeːn ʊ̯esi]]] [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈjɔːd͡ʒun ʊ̯esi]]]}} also known as '''Colonial Ishcot''' or the '''Colonial dialects'''{{efn|[[Izhkut|Standard Izhkut]]: ''yojjun misogra''}} in [[Izhkut]] literature, is a [[w:Dialect continuum|dialect continuum]] of the Izhkut language native to and primarily spoken in the Izhkut Colonies{{efn|name=Colonies|}} by around 50,400,000 Colonials. Thus, around 40% of Izhkut speakers speak some Colonial variety; although this makes Colonials a minority in the Ishcophone community(albeit a large one), this percentage is projected to increase to 75% by 500 BH, which would make Colonial Izhkut by far the most spoken variety of the Izhkut language. | ||
Despite being a dialect of Izhkut, Colonial Izhkut has a distinct phonology and to an extent its own distinct vocabulary and grammar which can make it difficult to understand for Standard or Mainland Izhkut speakers. However, written Colonial Izhkut is more or less understandable by Standard Izhkut speakers due to largely similar orthography. Any Colonial accent perceived as lacking noticeably local, ethnic, or cultural markers is known in linguistics as '''General Colonial'''. | Despite being a dialect of Izhkut, Colonial Izhkut has a distinct phonology and to an extent its own distinct vocabulary and grammar which can make it difficult to understand for Standard or Mainland Izhkut speakers. However, written Colonial Izhkut is more or less understandable by Standard Izhkut speakers due to largely similar orthography. Any Colonial accent perceived as lacking noticeably local, ethnic, or cultural markers is known in linguistics as '''General Colonial'''. | ||
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| w || || l || || || ɫ || | | w || || l || || || ɫ || | ||
|} | |} | ||
Most allophones shown here are so-called "L-precedent" allophones, appearing only before /l/ or /ɫ/, i.e. ''o'''ff'''lu'' "rate" [[ | Most allophones shown here are so-called "L-precedent" allophones, appearing only before /l/ or /ɫ/, i.e. ''o'''ff'''lu'' "rate" [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈɔːɸɫu]]](<small>Standard Izhkut:</small> [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈôflu]]]). These allophones are /ɸ/, /β/ and /ç/, allophones for /f/, /v/ and /h/ respectively. | ||
Standard Izhkut /ɟ/ has been replaced by the voiced postalveolar affricate /d͡ʒ/ in most dialects in all positions. However, some dialects such as that of Ilasgez have preserved /ɟ/(although admittedly this feature is losing out to affricatisation), while the dialect of Roslia Bay Island has so far preserved /ɟ/ before /i/, /e/ and /ɛ/. | Standard Izhkut /ɟ/ has been replaced by the voiced postalveolar affricate /d͡ʒ/ in most dialects in all positions. However, some dialects such as that of Ilasgez have preserved /ɟ/(although admittedly this feature is losing out to affricatisation), while the dialect of Roslia Bay Island has so far preserved /ɟ/ before /i/, /e/ and /ɛ/. | ||
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General Colonial phonemic vowels do not differ greatly from Standard vowel phonemes. However, common differentiations are O-lowering, where Standard /o/ is lowered to an /ɔ/(a feature borrowed from [[Pokht]]), while there is also more variation in pronunciation of /a/ and /u/; whereas Standard /a/ and /u/ remain mostly within central and back vowel spaces respectively, Colonial /a/ can vary from as front as /æ̞/ to very occasionally as far back as /ɑ/, while /u/ in most dialects is closer to a /ʊ~ʊ̝/ and in some Bay Islands is often closer to a /ʉ/.{{efn|Borrowed from [[Bay Islands Creole]], which borrowed central /ʉ/ from the Le Luo languages.}} | General Colonial phonemic vowels do not differ greatly from Standard vowel phonemes. However, common differentiations are O-lowering, where Standard /o/ is lowered to an /ɔ/(a feature borrowed from [[Pokht]]), while there is also more variation in pronunciation of /a/ and /u/; whereas Standard /a/ and /u/ remain mostly within central and back vowel spaces respectively, Colonial /a/ can vary from as front as /æ̞/ to very occasionally as far back as /ɑ/, while /u/ in most dialects is closer to a /ʊ~ʊ̝/ and in some Bay Islands is often closer to a /ʉ/.{{efn|Borrowed from [[Bay Islands Creole]], which borrowed central /ʉ/ from the Le Luo languages.}} | ||
The schwa(/ə/) is a common unstressed allophone of /a/, /o/ and /u/ in some dialects, particularly those of the eastern Bay Area, while in others, typically those near Taskarië, have /ə/ as an allophone of /e/ in coda positions; e.g. ''lege'' "the (plural)", would be pronounced [[ | The schwa(/ə/) is a common unstressed allophone of /a/, /o/ and /u/ in some dialects, particularly those of the eastern Bay Area, while in others, typically those near Taskarië, have /ə/ as an allophone of /e/ in coda positions; e.g. ''lege'' "the (plural)", would be pronounced [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈlegə]]] instead of Standard/General Colonial [[IPA for Izhkut|[ˈlege]]]. | ||
===Diphthongs=== | ===Diphthongs=== | ||
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| oʊ̯ || colspan=2 | oɪ̯ || oʊ̯ || - | | oʊ̯ || colspan=2 | oɪ̯ || oʊ̯ || - | ||
|} | |} | ||
Though ⟨ue⟩ is usually pronounced /uɪ̯/, it is sometimes pronounced /ʊ̯e/ in some words, such as ''Uesi'' "(Colonial) the Colonies" [[ | Though ⟨ue⟩ is usually pronounced /uɪ̯/, it is sometimes pronounced /ʊ̯e/ in some words, such as ''Uesi'' "(Colonial) the Colonies" [[IPA for Izhkut|[ʊ̯esi]]]. | ||
===Vowel length=== | ===Vowel length=== | ||
Standard Izhkut pitch accent was replaced in Colonial Izhkut with a vowel length system; contour I replaced by a long vowel, contour II remaining unchanged. In the case of a diphthong, the second, unstressed vowel is deleted and only the initial vowel is lengthened, such as with ''ouggu'' "wail (n.)", pronounced [[ | Standard Izhkut pitch accent was replaced in Colonial Izhkut with a vowel length system; contour I replaced by a long vowel, contour II remaining unchanged. In the case of a diphthong, the second, unstressed vowel is deleted and only the initial vowel is lengthened, such as with ''ouggu'' "wail (n.)", pronounced [[IPA for Izhkut|[ôʊ̯gu]]] in Standard Izhkut but [[IPA for Izhkut|[ɔːgu]]] in General Colonial; however both pronunciations remain heterophonic with ''ougu'' "wheat"(<small>Standard Izhkut:</small> [[IPA for Izhkut|[oˈgu]]]; <small>Colonial:</small> [[IPA for Izhkut|[ɔˈgu]]]). | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references group="lower-alpha"/> | <references group="lower-alpha"/> | ||