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Aryan: Difference between revisions
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→Affix
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*gʷaināsay, *gʷaināmas | *gʷaināsay, *gʷaināmas | ||
Aryan morphology deals with full-grade (_) and null-grade (∅). | Aryan morphology deals with full-grade (_) and null-grade (∅). | ||
Aryan ''*(á)-s'' [PIE ''*(ó)-s''] forms nouns, as in ''*p<sup>h</sup>árs'' "thief" [PIE ''*b<sup>h</sup>ṓr''] from ''*p<sup>h</sup>air'' "bearing". | |||
Aryan ''*(_)-as'' [PIE ''*(é)-os''] forms active animate nouns, as in ''kʰúh<sub>2</sub>as'' "living sound" [PIE ''*ḱlewos'' "fame"]. If the meaning intended is "racial", furthermore, the affix becomes ''*(_)-(a)ras'' [PIE ''*(e)-(u)ros''], as in''h<sub>5</sub>ímsaras'' "engenderer" [PIE ''*h<sub>2</sub>ḿ̥suros'' "deity"]. | Aryan ''*(_)-as'' [PIE ''*(é)-os''] forms active animate nouns, as in ''kʰúh<sub>2</sub>as'' "living sound" [PIE ''*ḱlewos'' "fame"]. If the meaning intended is "racial", furthermore, the affix becomes ''*(_)-(a)ras'' [PIE ''*(e)-(u)ros''], as in ''h<sub>5</sub>ímsaras'' "engenderer" [PIE ''*h<sub>2</sub>ḿ̥suros'' "deity"]. | ||
Aryan ''*(∅)-ás'' [PIE ''*(e)-ós''] forms active animate adjectives, as in ... | |||
Aryan ''*(á)-as'' [PIE ''*(ó)-os''] forms passive animate nouns, as in ''*p<sup>h</sup>áras'' "what is born" [PIE ''*b<sup>h</sup>óros'' "what is brought"] | |||
Aryan ''*( | |||
Aryan ''*(a)-ás'' [PIE ''*(o)-ós''] forms passive animate adjectives, as in ... became agentive instead of passive in PIE, but some archaic forms remain, such as *gʰoysós "spear" | Aryan ''*(a)-ás'' [PIE ''*(o)-ós''] forms passive animate adjectives, as in ... became agentive instead of passive in PIE, but some archaic forms remain, such as *gʰoysós "spear" | ||