Umbrean: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
1,886 bytes added ,  24 April 2013
Line 1,472: Line 1,472:
====Mood====
====Mood====


The mood is conjugated both on the VAT vowel but also on the very stem itself, how depends on the mood.
:{| {{style|center}}
!
! Frontal vowel
! Final Stem Vowel
! Final consonant
|-
! Indicative
| -
| -
| -
|-
! Optative
| a-
| -
| Lenition + Labialisation
|-
! Subjunctive
| -
| Longed
| Fortition + Palatalization
|-
! Imperative
| ii-
| Shortened
| Reversed Voicing
|}
{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=6 | Labialized Lenitions
|-
! colspan=3 | Unvoiced
! colspan=3 | Voiced
|-
! Start
! →
! Finish
! Start
! →
! Finish
|-
| p <br> pj || → || f
| b <br> bw || → || v
|-
| pp || → || ff
| bb || → || vv
|-
| t <br> tj || → || sw
| d <br> dj || → || žw
|-
| tt <br> ttj || → || ssw
| dd <br> ddj || → || žžw
|-
| k <br> kw <br> kk <br> kkw  || → || ǧw
| g <br> gw <br> gg <br> ggw || → || ǧw
|-
| rowspan=2 | ts <br> tsj <br> tsw <br> tš <br> tšj <br> tšw || rowspan=2 | → || rowspan=2 | sw
| dz <br> dzj <br> dzw || → || zw
|-
| dž <br> džj <br> džw || → || žw
|}
{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=6 | Palatalized Fortition
|-
! colspan=3 | Unvoiced
! colspan=3 | Voiced
|-
! Start
! →
! Finish
! Start
! →
! Finish
|-
| rowspan=2 | f <br> fj <br> ff <br> ffj || rowspan=2 | → || rowspan=2 | pj
| v <br> vj || → || b
|-
| vv <br> vvj || → || bb
|-
| s <br> sw <br> sj <br> ss <br> ssw <br> ssj || → || tsj
| z <br> zw <br> zj <br> zz <br> zzw <br> zzj || → || dzj
|-
| š <br> šw <br> šš <br> ššw || → || tš
| ž <br> žw <br> žž <br> žžw || → || dž
|-
| ts <br> tsj <br> tsw <br> tš <br> tšw || → || tj
| dz <br> dzj <br> dzw <br> dž <br> džw || → || dj
|}
{| {{style|center}}
! colspan=6 | Reversed Voicing
|-
| bw || ↔ || pj
| ǧ || ↔ || ǧ
|-
| ǧw || ↔ || ǧw
| ǧǧ || ↔ || ǧǧ
|-
|}
Reversed voicing is done to all consonants but nasals and laterals, only oddities is in the list
<!--
The mood is conjugated on the polarity vowel and the end of the stem.
The mood is conjugated on the polarity vowel and the end of the stem.


Line 1,490: Line 1,596:
| -l || -ml || -lw || -ll
| -l || -ml || -lw || -ll
|}
|}
-->


====Circumstantial Voice====
====Circumstantial Voice====

Navigation menu