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Chlouvānem: Difference between revisions
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→Positional verbs
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===Verb phrase=== | ===Verb phrase=== | ||
====Positional verbs==== | ====Positional verbs==== | ||
Positional verbs are among the most complex features of Chlouvānem grammar. In order to build verbs such as "to stay", "to be seated", and "to | Positional verbs are among the most complex features of Chlouvānem grammar. In order to build verbs such as "to stay", "to be seated", and "to lie", Chlouvānem uses a base which is then prefixed with a locative particle, building verbs meaning "to stay on", "to stay under", "to stay in", and so on. There are 26 prefixes for each of the three verbs: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Prefix !! To stay (-tiā/-tim) !! To be seated (-vāst) !! To | ! Prefix !! To stay (-tiā/-tim) !! To be seated (-vāst) !! To lie (-ūlg) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Generic position ('''ta-''') || tatiāke<br/><small>(''tatimu''; ''tatimau''; ''taʔatimum'')</small> || tavāske<br/><small>(''tavāstu''; ''tavāstau''; ''tostim'')</small> || tolge<br/><small>(''tolgu''; ''tolgau''; ''tavūlgam'')</small> | | Generic position ('''ta-''') || tatiāke<br/><small>(''tatimu''; ''tatimau''; ''taʔatimum'')</small> || tavāske<br/><small>(''tavāstu''; ''tavāstau''; ''tostim'')</small> || tolge<br/><small>(''tolgu''; ''tolgau''; ''tavūlgam'')</small> | ||
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| Far from the center ('''bog-lū(s)-''') || boglūtiāke || boglūvāske || boglūsūlge | | Far from the center ('''bog-lū(s)-''') || boglūtiāke || boglūvāske || boglūsūlge | ||
|} | |} | ||
These basic forms have static meanings; their causative forms have meanings of dynamic monodirectional verbs focusing on the destination. Verbs equivalent to English ''to remain'' are formed by attaching these prefixes to the verb ''lįnake'' for the analogues of ''-tiā/-tim'' (e.g. ''tatiāke'' → ''lįnake''; ''āntiāke'' → ''āṃlįnake''; ''šutiāke'' → ''šulįnake'' and so on), while for the others (''to remain seated; to remain lying'') the construction ''lįnake + positional infinitive'' is used. | |||
===Sentence phrase=== | ===Sentence phrase=== | ||