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'''''Lingua philosophica''''' ("the philosophical language") is a very early constructed language invented by George Dalgarno (c. 1626-1687), a Scottish schoolteacher, published by him in his ''Ars Signorum'' ("Art of Signs"), a lengthy essay published in 1661 which both attempted to set out the philosophical basis of language, as Dalgarno perceived it, and to sketch (in some detail) a constructed language that would, ideally, represent each idea by a word, related ideas by related words, and be sufficiently rational to train its learners' minds in philosophical rigor. | '''''Lingua philosophica''''' ("the philosophical language") is a very early constructed language invented by George Dalgarno (c. 1626-1687), a Scottish schoolteacher, published by him in his ''Ars Signorum'' ("Art of Signs"), a lengthy essay published in 1661 which both attempted to set out the philosophical basis of language, as Dalgarno perceived it, and to sketch (in some detail) a constructed language that would, ideally, represent each idea by a word, related ideas by related words, and be sufficiently rational to train its learners' minds in philosophical rigor. | ||
Whether or not Dalgarno succeeded at this task, his ''Lingua Philosophica'' is one of the earliest fully functional constructed languages, and most likely the earliest in Europe. | Whether or not Dalgarno succeeded at this task, his ''Lingua Philosophica'' is one of the earliest fully functional constructed languages, and most likely the earliest in Europe. | ||
== Corpus == | |||
It consists of: | |||
* A lengthy list of roots corresponding to what Dalgarno believed to be basic linguistic concepts or ideas. | |||
* A much briefer grammatical apparatus (chiefly verbal and adjectival inflexional suffixes) which could be used with these roots. | |||
* A "Lexicon" of 1370 Latin words glossed in Lingua Philosophica, often by compounding existing roots | |||
* A set of writings, primarily translations, in Lingua Philosophica. These include: | |||
#A foreword addressed to King Charles II. | #A foreword addressed to King Charles II. | ||
#The Lord's Prayer in Lingua Philosophica. | #The Lord's Prayer in Lingua Philosophica. | ||