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Sharqi: Difference between revisions
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→Stem 1
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**'/Ø: ''i'' is dropped - e.g. ''yaaman'' "he believes" (from ''*yi(')aaman''). | **'/Ø: ''i'' is dropped - e.g. ''yaaman'' "he believes" (from ''*yi(')aaman''). | ||
*If ''C'' is:- | *If ''C'' is:- | ||
**w | **w, wC, or Cw: | ||
***''aw(a)'' becomes ''oo'' - e.g. ''koon'' "he was/became" (from ''*kawan''). | ***''aw(a)/wa'' becomes ''oo'' - e.g. ''koon'' "he was/became" (from ''*kawan''). | ||
***''wi'' becomes ''uu'' (and makes preceding ''i'' into ''u'') - e.g. ''ay tukuun'' "do not become" (from ''*tikwin''). | ***''wi'' becomes ''uu'' (and makes preceding ''i'' into ''u'') - e.g. ''ay tukuun'' "do not become" (from ''*tikwin''). | ||
**y | **y, yC, or Cy: | ||
***''ay(a)'' becomes ''ee'' - e.g. ''keed'' "he walked/went" (from ''*kayad''). | ***''ay(a)/ya'' becomes ''ee'' - e.g. ''keed'' "he walked/went" (from ''*kayad''). | ||
***''yi'' becomes ''ii'' - e.g. ''ay tikiid'' "do not walk/go" (from ''*tikyid''). | ***''yi'' becomes ''ii'' - e.g. ''ay tikiid'' "do not walk/go" (from ''*tikyid''). | ||
*If ''L'' is:- | *If ''L'' is:- | ||
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***The gerundive takes the base ''FaCuw-'' (''FaCuu-'' before a consonant). | ***The gerundive takes the base ''FaCuw-'' (''FaCuu-'' before a consonant). | ||
*Normal sandhi rules apply - e.g. ''sallaygu'' "I prayed" (from ''*sallay-ku''). | *Normal sandhi rules apply - e.g. ''sallaygu'' "I prayed" (from ''*sallay-ku''). | ||
*For quinquiliteral verbs, replace ''C'' with ''CaCC''/''CiCC'' (with the vowel corresponding to the bracketed one) - e.g. ''dhamastar'', ''yidhamastar'', ''yidhimistír'', | *For quinquiliteral verbs, replace ''C'' with ''CaCC''/''CiCC'' (with the vowel corresponding to the bracketed one) - e.g. ''dhamastar'', ''yidhamastar'', ''yidhimistír'' "complete". If one of the consonants is ''w'' or ''y'', the aforementioned simplifications apply and the unnecessary ''a''/''i'' is not added - e.g. ''targoon'', ''yitargoon'', ''yuturguun'' "translate" (from ''*taragwam'', ''*yitaragwam'', ''*yitirigwim''). | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||