Umbrean/Examples: Difference between revisions

'''Active''' - Example of active voice where the wolf is in ergative case and the speaker is in accusative case. Notice how the verbs VAT vowel is conjugated according to the object/Patient and not the subject.

{{Um-IPA|fššedyss tsümj ǧlovëssw}}

wolf-{{sc|erg.s.indf}} {{sc|1s.acc}} bite-{{sc|1.aff.ind.act.pst.prf}}

'''Anti-Passive''' - Anti-passive voice, notice how the VAT vowel conjugates into a negative sense and only goes with the subject but also that it can take on a general or undefined meaning.

{{Um-IPA|fššed-y ǧlov-ets}}

wolf-{{sc|int.s.indf}} bite-{{sc|1.neg.ind.antip.prs.cont}}

'''Passive''' - Passive voice, notice positive VAT and subject agreement

{{Um-IPA|tswë ǧlovukwš}}

{{sc|1s.int}} bite-{{sc|1.aff.ind.pas.past/prs.term}}

===Mood===

'''Indicative''' - Notice that there is no additional marking on the verb itself

{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw vvidjooll}}

{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def}} see-{{sc|ind.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}

'''Optative''' - Notice the frontal vowel, inter-L of the verb but also the vowel change on the last vowel

{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw avvidjliill}}

{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def}} <{{sc|opt}}>see-{{sc|opt.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}

'''Subjunctive''' - Notice the frontal vowel, inter-L of the verb but also the vowel change on the last vowel

{{Um-IPA|Tšees fššedylw uuvvidjljaall}}

{{sc|1s.erg}} wolf-{{sc|acc.sg.def}} <{{sc|sjv}}>see-{{sc|sjv.aff.ind.3.liv.prs.incep}}

===Circumstantial===

[[Category:Umbrean]]