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**'''Predicative''': Used for predicative nouns. This is not a true case but rather the absolutive fused to the copula. This fusing is optional and in the present indicative, the copula can be dropped entirely. | **'''Predicative''': Used for predicative nouns. This is not a true case but rather the absolutive fused to the copula. This fusing is optional and in the present indicative, the copula can be dropped entirely. | ||
***Absolutive ending in consonant or short, non-high-tone vowel: ''-e'' (declines as adjective), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only) - e.g. ''Maxammad'' → ''Maxammade, Maxammaddha'' | ***Absolutive ending in consonant or short, non-high-tone vowel: ''-e'' (declines as adjective), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only) - e.g. ''Maxammad'' → ''Maxammade, Maxammaddha'' | ||
***Absolutive ending in long or high-tone vowel: ''-dhe'' (declines as adjective), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only) - e.g. ''Faadhumá'' → '' | ***Absolutive ending in long or high-tone vowel: ''-dhe'' (declines as adjective), ''-dha'' (invariant; present only) - e.g. ''Faadhumá'' → ''Faadhumárhe, Faadhumárha'' | ||
***Independent forms of the copula: ''dha'' (invariant; present only), ''e'' (adjective declension), ''dhe'' (= ''dha + e''; adjective declension) | ***Independent forms of the copula: ''dha'' (invariant; present only), ''e'' (adjective declension), ''dhe'' (= ''dha + e''; adjective declension) | ||
:::e.g. ''Maxammadú nama / nama e / nama dha / nama dhe / name / | :::e.g. ''Maxammadú nama / nama e / nama dha / nama dhe / name / namarha.'' "Muhammad is a person." | ||
====Number==== | ====Number==== | ||