Häskä

Häskä/Wordlist

Häskä
Created by	IlL
Setting	Verse:Tricin
Language family	Lakovic Häskä

Häskä (dülut(u) Häskä(su) /dylut(u) hæskæs(u)/) is a Lakovic language with an Amharic- and Proto-Uralic-inspired aesthetic.

Gibberish

Ha bärtətəlič žə-sgəδu id fteru mi-sumätäk!

ah PRES-FREQ-fall like-gold-F DIR foliage-F in wind-PL

Ah! How leaves fall like gold in the wind!

Phonology

Consonants

		Labial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m /m/	n /n/			ñ /ŋ/
Stop	plain		t /t/			k /k/	' /ʔ/
	voiced	b /b/	d /d/			g /g/
Fricative	plain	f /f/	s /s/	š	ś		h /h/
	voiced		δ /ð/	ž	ź
Affricate			c /ts/	č	ć
Approximant		w /w/	r /r/, l /l/		y /j/

In addition, p /p/ is used in loanwords.

Vowels

a e i o u ä ü ə /ɑ e i o u æ y ə/

Stress

Stress is usually penultimate.

Phonotactics

Häskä allows initial clusters, like Windermere and Tsrovesh.

Morphology

Häskä morphology is roughly equally prefixing and suffixing.

Nouns

Häskä nouns have a natural gender system. Nouns denoting females or that end in the feminine suffix -u (after C) or -su (after V) (from Proto-Lakovic *-s and the feminine verb marker *wa-) are feminine. Inanimate nouns, and animals that are not dedicated words for males and females, can be used in both genders interchangeably.

Plurals

Unusually for a Lakovic language, plurals are formed with a suffix -k or -äk:

• sumät /sumæt/ = wind
  • sumätäk /sumætæk/ = winds

If the word is treated as feminine:

• sumätu /sumætu/ = wind
  • sumätäku /sumætæku/ = winds

Case markers

Häskä has Austronesian alignment, like Proto-Lakovic.

Here are the basic case markers:

• id = direct
• u = indirect
• kə = genitive
• mi = locative
• žə = "like"

Pronouns

• ri = I
• šen = thou (m)
• šes = thou (f)
• fin = he
• fis = she

Verbs

Häskä verbs are highly inflected; they inflect for tense, aspect, voice, mood, and gender agreement.

Verb template: negative-gender/mood-tense/aspect-⟨voice⟩ROOT-pluractional

Verbs are negated with: di-

Gender

• wə- = feminine

Mood

• ku- = cohortative

Aspect

Aspect inflection uses a combination of prefixes and reduplication.

Reduplicant uses 1st consonant (F) or last consonant (L)

• imperfective/stative = unmarked
• perfective = unmarked for some verbs but marked with em- for others
• prospective = hef- (closest equivalent of future tense)
• momentane = bla-
• progressive = ăL-
• gnomic = FăL-
• frequentative = eNFă-
• inchoative/inceptive = oLă-
• graduative = tăFa-

Intensive

• twə- = intensive prefix

Voice affixes

Voice affixes are obsolete in Rhythoed.

• ‹ăc› = Dynamic passive
• ‹ră›, ‹wă› = Stative passive
• ‹ăb› = Reflexive
• ‹ăn/ăng› = Applicative trigger
• ‹ith› = Locative trigger
• ‹ăw› = Instrumental trigger
• ‹ăfong› = Destination trigger
• ‹ălis› = Comitative trigger
• ‹ăm› = Source/cause trigger
• ‹ăchem› = Benefactive/purpose trigger
• ‹ărea› = Malefactive trigger

Derivational morphology

• yə- = adjectivizer