Scots Norse: Difference between revisions
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|speakers2=(L2) < 50,000 | |speakers2=(L2) < 50,000 | ||
|date=2019 | |date=2019 | ||
|map=File:Lang Status 20-CR.svg | |||
|mapcaption=Scots Norse is classified as [[w:Critically endangered language|critically endangered]] by the UNESCO ''[[w:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger|Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]'' | |||
|notice=IPA | |notice=IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Take these following examples: | Take these following examples: | ||
:''thù tàlir'' /ˈxu ˈto.ʎɪθ͇/ — "you speak" | :''thù tàlir'' /ˈxu ˈto.ʎɪθ͇/ — "you speak" | ||
:''e | :''e thàli'' /ˈe ˈho.ʎɪ/— "I speak" | ||
:''ha | :''ha nàlir'' /ˈha ˈno.ʎɪθ͇/— "he speaks" | ||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
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| {{term|}} // | | {{term|}} // | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan= | | rowspan=3 | '''dh''' | ||
| colspan=2 | intervocalic/pre-consonantal/finally | | colspan=2 | intervocalic/pre-consonantal/finally | ||
| /./ or null | | /./ or null | ||
| {{term|òdha}} /ˈo.ə/, {{term|sudhrø̀jr}} /sˠʌ.ˈrei̯θ͇/ | | {{term|òdha}} /ˈo.ə/, {{term|sudhrø̀jr}} /sˠʌ.ˈrei̯θ͇/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=2 | plain | | colspan=2 | plain/broad | ||
| /ɣ/ | | /ɣ/ | ||
| {{term|}} // | | {{term|}} // | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| colspan=2 | broad | | colspan=2 | broad | ||
| / | | /lˠ/ | ||
| {{term|}} // | | {{term|}} // | ||
|- | |- | ||
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
====Strong nouns==== | ====Strong nouns==== | ||
{{snon-decl-m-a|eld|fc=d}} | There are two strong neuter, three masculine, and three feminine declensions. The masculine and feminine each have an A, an I, and an R stem, after the defining difference in the nominative singular of the Proto-Germanic form. | ||
Though the masculine a-stems tend for an -s genitive singular, and the i- and r-stems tend for -ar, there are many words that don't follow. The -i of the dative singular is frequently dropped from many words, particularly in the i-declension. Bisyllabic proper names originally in -arr or -urr, such as Einarr (modern "Ènar" /ˈe.nəθ͇/) and Gizurr (modern "Gisur" /ˈɟɪ.sʌθ͇/) do not contract as hamarr ("hamr-") before an inflectional syllable. | |||
These first few are masculine a-stems. | |||
{{snon-decl-m-a|eld|n=n-|fc=d}} | |||
{{snon-decl-m-a|àt|òt|n=nh|c=h|fc=t}} | |||
{{snon-decl-m-a|àmar|omr|amr|amar|n=nh|c=h}} | |||
Due to many sound changes, "hamare" is quite irregular, this following table is more colloquial spellings that better show pronunciation. | |||
{{snon-decl-m-a|àmar|onr|anr|anar|n=nh|c=h}} | |||
And an uncontracted form (which is regular): | |||
{{snon-decl-m-a|àmar|òmar|n=nh|c=h|fc=r}} | |||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||