Tsimulh languages: Difference between revisions
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[[{{PAGENAME}}/Lexicon]] | [[{{PAGENAME}}/Lexicon]] | ||
The '''Tsimulh languages''' are a [[Verse:Tricin|Trician]] language family mainly spoken in [[Verse:Tricin/Txapoalli|Txapoalli]]. The proto-language is '''Proto-Tsimulh'''. | |||
The '''Tsimulh languages''' | |||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
*''-s'': past tense, genitive | *''-s'': past tense, genitive | ||
*''- | *''-txʷ'' | ||
*''- | *''-cid'' | ||
*''-dəb'' = augmentative | |||
*Reduplication | *Reduplication | ||
*relativizer/relative forms for verbs | *relativizer/relative forms for verbs | ||
== | ==Phylogeny== | ||
*Proto-Tsimulh | *Proto-Tsimulh | ||
**[[ | **[[Swuntsim]] | ||
**[[Hetomic]] | |||
**[[Hetomic]] | **[[Idosian]] | ||
==Urheimat== | ==Urheimat== | ||
Somewhere in Txapoalli | Somewhere in Txapoalli | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
Tlingit-Lushootseed hybrid gib, liquidless | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="bluetable" style=text-align:center | {| class="bluetable" style=text-align:center | ||
|-style="font-size: 90%;" | |-style="font-size: 90%;" | ||
!rowspan=2| | !colspan=2 rowspan=2| | ||
!rowspan=2| Bilabial | !rowspan=2| Bilabial | ||
!colspan=2| Alveolar | !colspan=2| Alveolar | ||
Line 68: | Line 38: | ||
! <small>labialized</small> | ! <small>labialized</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| Nasal | !colspan=2| Nasal | ||
| m | | m | ||
| n | | n | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| Stop | !rowspan=3| Stop | ||
! <small>plain</small> | |||
| p | | p | ||
| t | | t | ||
Line 90: | Line 61: | ||
| ʔ | | ʔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| Affricate | ! <small>voiced</small> | ||
| b | |||
| d | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| g | |||
| gʷ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>ejective</small> | |||
| pʼ | |||
| tʼ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| kʼ | |||
| kʷʼ | |||
| qʼ | |||
| qʷʼ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=3| Affricate | |||
! <small>plain</small> | |||
| | | | ||
| c | | c | ||
| | | ƛ | ||
| č | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>voiced</small> | |||
| | |||
| z | |||
| λ | |||
| ž | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>ejective</small> | |||
| | | | ||
| cʼ | |||
| ƛʼ | |||
| čʼ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 101: | Line 117: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| Fricative | !colspan=2| Fricative | ||
| | | | ||
| s | | s | ||
| | | ł | ||
| | | š | ||
| x | | x | ||
| xʷ | | xʷ | ||
Line 112: | Line 128: | ||
| h | | h | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| Approximant | !rowspan=2| Approximant | ||
! <small>plain</small> | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 119: | Line 136: | ||
| | | | ||
| w | | w | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! <small>glottalized</small> | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| yʼ | |||
| | |||
| wʼ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 125: | Line 153: | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
'''i u e a''' /i u ə a/ | '''i u e ə o a''' /i u e ə o a/ | ||
===Stress=== | |||
Penultimate. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
====Noun classes==== | ====Noun classes==== | ||
PTsN had 13 noun classes: | |||
#'' | #''ʔu-'' = animates | ||
#'' | #''ʔəł-'' | ||
#'' | #''s-'' | ||
#'' | #''x̌-'' | ||
#'' | #''iʔ-'' | ||
#'' | #''gwi-'' | ||
#'' | #''tx-'' | ||
#'' | #''ad-'' | ||
#'' | #''kʷ-'' | ||
#'' | #''d-'' | ||
#'' | #''č-'' | ||
#'' | #''dxʷ-'' | ||
#''c-'' | |||
====Cases==== | |||
*Nominative: ''-0'' | |||
*Genitive: ''-s'' | |||
==== | |||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
====Noun class prefixes==== | ====Noun class prefixes==== | ||
*I = ''lə-'' | |||
*I = '' | |||
*you (sg) = ''xʷə-'' | *you (sg) = ''xʷə-'' | ||
*we = '' | *he = ''ʔə-'' | ||
*you (pl) = '' | *we = ''gwə-'' | ||
*Noun class prefixes: | *you (pl) = ''sə-'' | ||
*Noun class prefixes: | |||
*#sg. ''ʔu-''; pl. ''bə-'' | |||
*#''ʔəł-'' | |||
*#''s-'' | |||
*#''x̌-'' | |||
*#''iʔ-'' | |||
*#''gwi-'' | |||
*#''tx-'' | |||
*#''ad-'' | |||
*#''kʷ-'' | |||
*#''d-'' | |||
*#''č-'' | |||
*#''dxʷ-'' | |||
*#''c-'' | |||
====Tense affixes==== | ====Tense affixes==== | ||
''-s'' - past tense | |||
[[Category:Naquic languages|*]][[Category:Language families]] | |||
[[Category: |
Revision as of 04:14, 29 March 2021
The Tsimulh languages are a Trician language family mainly spoken in Txapoalli. The proto-language is Proto-Tsimulh.
Todo
- -s: past tense, genitive
- -txʷ
- -cid
- -dəb = augmentative
- Reduplication
- relativizer/relative forms for verbs
Phylogeny
Urheimat
Somewhere in Txapoalli
Phonology
Tlingit-Lushootseed hybrid gib, liquidless
Consonants
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
central | lateral | plain | labialized | plain | labialized | |||||
Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
Stop | plain | p | t | k | kʷ | q | qʷ | ʔ | ||
voiced | b | d | g | gʷ | ||||||
ejective | pʼ | tʼ | kʼ | kʷʼ | qʼ | qʷʼ | ||||
Affricate | plain | c | ƛ | č | ||||||
voiced | z | λ | ž | |||||||
ejective | cʼ | ƛʼ | čʼ | |||||||
Fricative | s | ł | š | x | xʷ | x̌ | x̌ʷ | h | ||
Approximant | plain | y | w | |||||||
glottalized | yʼ | wʼ |
Vowels
i u e ə o a /i u e ə o a/
Stress
Penultimate.
Morphology
Nouns
Noun classes
PTsN had 13 noun classes:
- ʔu- = animates
- ʔəł-
- s-
- x̌-
- iʔ-
- gwi-
- tx-
- ad-
- kʷ-
- d-
- č-
- dxʷ-
- c-
Cases
- Nominative: -0
- Genitive: -s
Verbs
Noun class prefixes
- I = lə-
- you (sg) = xʷə-
- he = ʔə-
- we = gwə-
- you (pl) = sə-
- Noun class prefixes:
- sg. ʔu-; pl. bə-
- ʔəł-
- s-
- x̌-
- iʔ-
- gwi-
- tx-
- ad-
- kʷ-
- d-
- č-
- dxʷ-
- c-
Tense affixes
-s - past tense