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Tseer/Lexicon
Swadesh list for Tseer
Tseer/Sketchbook

This article is about modern Tseer. For Classical Tseer, see Tseer/Classical.

IlL/Spare pages 1/15
døludx Tseer
Pronunciation	[/dəwüts tʃẽʃ/]
Created by	IlL
Setting	Verse:Tricin
Language family	Lakovic Tseeric IlL/Spare pages 1/15

Tseer (chair; natively døludx Tseer Classical: /døludz tʃẽr̝/ Modern: /dəwüts tʃẽʃ/ (the -x is a feminine marker); Windermere: brits Tsear; Skellan: brits Txeñz) is a major Lakovic language spoken in Talma. It is inspired mainly by Hmong and Somali, with touches of Burmese (especially for Modern Tseer), Hebrew, Vietnamese and Satem IE languages like Polish.

Tseer was a prominent classical language of Talma, second to Windermere; it left a significant influence on Windermere and Skellan.

Like Windermere, it favored the CCVC ablaut grade of Proto-Lakovic roots, though not as strongly as Windermere.

Phonology

• th~ts merger like Hanoi Vietnamese
• Different pronunciations of Classical r:
  • Cr clusters = /Cj/ in Modern Tseer, while it was /Cr/ in Classical Tseer.
  • Syllable-final r = [ʃ]
  • Otherwise r = [r]
• ð is pronounced [ɣ] in conservative accents. Usually it disappears and causes compensatory lengthening of the previous vowel.
• Unstressed nasal vowels > syllabic nasals: oozhad > nzhad
• Modern Tseer lost Classical Tseer stress.

Nasal/nonnasal vowel split

a e i o u ø /ɑ e i o ü ə/ + að eð ið oð uð øð (long versions)

aa ee oo øø = /ã ẽj~ẽ õw~õ ɚ/ + aað eeð iið ooð uuð øøð long versions [These also occur for V + nasal consonant]

e /e/ is [ɛ] before zh.

o /o/ is [u] after /w/.

Morphology

Phonology

	I	we (inc. du.)	thou (m.)	thou (f.)	he	she	we (exc.)	we (inc. pl.)	you (pl.)	they (an.)
Subject clitic	-ar	-ab	-ekh	-ex	-in	-eex	-raa	-baa	-nin	-neex
Full pronouns	aar	baa	khen	kheex	in	eex	aarar	baaba	inin	ineex

Verbs

Modern Tseer retains most of the Classical verb morphology but changed some of the meanings.

Verb template

Same as in Classical Tseer: feminine-TAM-pluractionality-voice-ROOT

Agreement

Feminine subject: wa-

Voice

Passive: haa- (~ Windermere ha-)

Verbal number

Pluractionality: akh-

TAM

Aspects/Tenses (needs some fusion):

• 0- = atelic past
• tho- = telic past
• n-/o- = atelic nonpast
• hef- = telic nonpast (often future)

Imperative?

Derivation

Reconstruct more derivational morphology in PLak!

• ⟨r⟩ = patient noun (straight from PLak)
• ⟨aa⟩ = place noun (from infix ng)
• ⟨kh⟩ = instrument (from PLak instrument trigger)
• ⟨t~d⟩ = be-, applicative (from PLak locative trigger)
• xi- = adjectivizer
  • xilakow = free, wakoo originally meant 'human'
• ta- = nominalizer
• bo- = agentive
• la- = verbalizer
• (diminutive redup)
• cognates to Wdm derivational redup patterns
• di- = non-
• ⟨a' ⟩ (with glottal stop) = non-, un-, de-, dis-
• ⟨ax⟩ = reflexive or change of state verbs; to become X; to X-ify (was derivational in Classical Tseer; cognate to Wdm. ⟨iș⟩
• instrument/tool noun
• place noun

Syntax

VSOX, VSXO with pronominal objects

Sample texts

UDHR, Article 1

Eehayxeel wikhon ragod mog xilakoo de emør me nfidhx de xanøkhx.

PLACT-PASS-give_birth all human to free and equal in dignity and rights.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

Poetry

Modern Tseer poetry uses variations of the 12-syllable alexandrine, which was inherited from Classical Tseer.