User:IlL/Spare pages 1/15
Tseer/Lexicon
Swadesh list for Tseer
Tseer/Sketchbook
- This article is about modern Tseer. For Classical Tseer, see Tseer/Classical.
| IlL/Spare pages 1/15 | |
|---|---|
| døludx Tseer | |
| Pronunciation | [/dəwüts tʃẽʃ/] |
| Created by | IlL |
| Setting | Verse:Tricin |
Lakovic
| |
Tseer (chair; natively døludx Tseer Classical: /døludz tʃẽr̝/ Modern: /dəwüts tʃẽʃ/ (the -x is a feminine marker); Skellan: brits Txeñz) is a major Lakovic language spoken in Talma. It is inspired mainly by Hmong and Somali, with touches of Burmese (especially for Modern Tseer), Hebrew, Vietnamese and Satem IE languages like Polish.
Tseer was a prominent classical language of Talma, second to Windermere; it left a significant influence on Windermere and Skellan. Like Windermere, it favored the CCVC ablaut grade of Proto-Lakovic roots, though not as strongly as Windermere.
Unlike Windermere, Tsrovesh, or Häskä, Tseer vocalized some laryngeals like *Q and *f in clusters.
Phonology
- th~ts merger like Hanoi Vietnamese
- Different pronunciations of Classical r:
- Cr clusters = /Cj/ in Modern Tseer, while it was /Cr/ in Classical Tseer.
- Syllable-final r = [ʃ]
- Otherwise r = [r]
- ð is pronounced [ɣ] in conservative accents. Usually it disappears and causes compensatory lengthening of the previous vowel.
- Unstressed nasal vowels > syllabic nasals: oozhad > nzhad
- Modern Tseer lost Classical Tseer stress.
Nasal/nonnasal vowel split
a e i o u ø /ɑ e i o ü ə/ + að eð ið oð uð øð (long versions)
aa ee oo øø = /ã ẽj~ẽ õw~õ ɚ/ + aað eeð iið ooð uuð øøð long versions [These also occur for V + nasal consonant]
e /e/ is [ɛ] before zh.
o /o/ is [u] after /w/.
Morphology
Phonology
| I | we (inc. du.) | thou (m.) | thou (f.) | he | she | we (exc.) | we (inc. pl.) | you (pl.) | they (an.) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject clitic | -ar | -ab | -ekh | -ex | -in | -eex | -raa | -baa | -nin | -neex |
| Full pronouns | aar | baa | khen | kheex | in | eex | aarar | baaba | inin | ineex |
Nouns
Verbs
Modern Tseer retains most of the Classical verb morphology but changed some of the meanings.
Verb template
Same as in Classical Tseer: feminine-TAM-pluractionality-voice-ROOT
Agreement
Feminine subject: wa-
Voice
Passive: haa- (~ Windermere ha-)
Verbal number
Pluractionality: akh-
TAM
Aspects/Tenses (needs some fusion):
- 0- = atelic past
- tho- = telic past
- n-/o- = atelic nonpast
- hef- = telic nonpast (often future)
Imperative?
Derivation
Reconstruct more derivational morphology in PLak!
- ⟨r⟩ = patient noun (straight from PLak)
- ⟨aa⟩ = place noun (from infix ng)
- ⟨kh⟩ = instrument (from PLak instrument trigger)
- ⟨t~d⟩ = be-, applicative (from PLak locative trigger)
- xi- = adjectivizer
- xilakow = free, wakoo originally meant 'human'
- ta- = nominalizer
- bo- = agentive
- la- = verbalizer
- (diminutive redup)
- cognates to Wdm derivational redup patterns
- di- = non-
- ⟨a' ⟩ (with glottal stop) = non-, un-, de-, dis-
- ⟨ax⟩ = reflexive or change of state verbs; to become X; to X-ify (was derivational in Classical Tseer; cognate to Wdm. ⟨iș⟩
- instrument/tool noun
- place noun
Syntax
VSOX, VSXO with pronominal objects
Sample texts
UDHR, Article 1
Eehayxeel wikhon ragod mog xilakoo de emør me nfidhx de xanøkhx.
PLACT-PASS-give_birth all human to free and equal in dignity and rights.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
Poetry
Modern Tseer poetry uses variations of the 12-syllable alexandrine, which was inherited from Classical Tseer.