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Attian (view source)

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{{Featured
|featured banner=Etu ethnema ta etu anzan uʾummen. Maye ta goyotita, ta ethahama, veta vemaguma, uʾunme mumnayyir.}}
{{movedon}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|image = Ta Athnai.png
|image = Ta Athnai.png
|imagesize = 250px
|imagesize = 250px
|name = Attian
|name = Attian
|nativename = Ta Athnai
|nativename = Athnai
|pronunciation = /ta aθ'nai̩/
|pronunciation = /aθ'nai̩/
|region = [[w:Caucasia|Caucasia]]
|region = [[w:Caucasia|Caucasia]]
|states = [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]], [[w:Georgia|Georgia]]
|states = [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]], [[w:Georgia|Georgia]]
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|date = 2012
|date = 2012
|familycolor = Language isolate
|familycolor = Language isolate
|fam1 = [[Attamian languages|Attamian]]
|fam1 = Attamian
|fam2 = [[Attamian languages#Attno-Damian languages|Attno-Damian]]
|fam2 = Attno-Damian
|fam3 = [[Attamian languages#Attnic languages|Attic]]
|fam3 = Attic
|fam4 = [[Attian|Attian]]
|fam4 = [[Attian|Attian]]
|ancestor = [[Attian#Middle Attian|Middle Attian]]
|ancestor = [[Attian#Middle Attian|Middle Attian]]
|dia1 = Standard Attian
|dia1 = Standard Attian
|dia2 = Hayani
|dia2 = Hayani
|dia3 = Shemgani
|dia3 = Vittori
|map = Agartha.jpg
|map = Agartha.jpg
|mapcaption    = Map picturing the Agartha region in Transcaucasia, crossing the borders of [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] and [[w:Georgia|Georgia]].
|mapcaption    = Map picturing the Agartha region in Transcaucasia, crossing the borders of [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] and [[w:Georgia|Georgia]].
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|notice = IPA
|notice = IPA
}}
}}
'''Attian''' (Attian Hevriti: '''טַ אתנַי''', Latin: '''Ta Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/ta aθ'nai̩/]]) is a constructed, a priori and naturalistic language in the [[Attamian languages|Attamian family]] of languages, descended from the hypothetical [[Proto-Attamian]] language. It has no other purpose than to be an excellent display of my personal debauchery and pleasures.
'''Attian''' (''Attian Hevriti'': '''אתנְי''', ''Latin'': '''Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/aθ'nai̩/]]) is a constructed, a priori and naturalistic language in the Attamian family of languages, descended from the hypothetical Proto-Attamian language. It has no other purpose than to be an excellent display of my personal debauchery and pleasures.


The language is being created by the user and [[Linguifex:Administrators|administrator]] [[User:Waahlis|Waahlis]] of '''Linguifex'''. Obviously, and almost self-evidently, it has no native speakers and is not the official language anywhere else than in an office.
The language is being created by the user and [[Linguifex:Administrators|administrator]] [[User:Waahlis|Waahlis]] of '''Linguifex'''. Obviously, and almost self-evidently, it has no native speakers and is not the official language anywhere else than in an office.
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Naturalism nowadays implies the creation of fictional settings, to legitimate the choice of vocabulary, semantics and pragmatics. I will for once actually do such a  thing, implementing the language into the modern world of Caucasus. Perhaps then I can justify a few loan words.  
Naturalism nowadays implies the creation of fictional settings, to legitimate the choice of vocabulary, semantics and pragmatics. I will for once actually do such a  thing, implementing the language into the modern world of Caucasus. Perhaps then I can justify a few loan words.  


'''Attian''' (Attian Hevriti: '''טַ אתנַי''', Latin: '''Ta Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/aθˈnai̩/]]) is an [[Attamian languages|Attamian language]] spoken in the [[w:Caucasus|Caucasus]], across the borders of [[w:Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[w:Armenia|Armenia]] and [[w:Turkey|Turkey]]. It is not known to have any transparent genetic connections to any other language, despite a number of attempts of classification.
'''Attian''' (Attian Hevriti: '''אתנְי''', Latin: '''Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/aθˈnai̩/]]) is an [[Attamian languages|Attamian language]] spoken in the [[w:Caucasus|Caucasus]], across the borders of [[w:Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[w:Armenia|Armenia]] and [[w:Turkey|Turkey]]. It is not known to have any transparent genetic connections to any other language, despite a number of attempts of classification.


The language has been documented in the Caucasus since at least the 9<sup>th</sup> century AD, with the discovery of the '''Hayastani documents''', (Attian: '''Egrava ta Hayaztan''', '''חגרַוַ טַ חַיַזטַנ''') a Greek transcript of the languages in an around the [[w:Transcaucasian|Transcaucasian]] settlements. The now fragile documents were written by the Byzantine Greek philosopher Antenor [[w:Yerevan|Erevanon]], in an effort to investigate the ethnic diversity i the region:
The language has been documented in the Caucasus since at least the 9<sup>th</sup> century AD, with the discovery of the '''Hayastani documents''', (Attian: '''Egrava ta Hayaztan''', '''חגרְוְ טְ חְיְזטְן''') a Greek transcript of the languages in an around the [[w:Transcaucasian|Transcaucasian]] settlements. The now fragile documents were written by the Byzantine Greek philosopher Antenor [[w:Yerevan|Erevanon]], in an effort to investigate the ethnic diversity i the region:




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===Combinatorics===
===Combinatorics===
{{improvesection}}
====Syllable codas====
====Syllable codas====
These are the syllables allowed in coda position in both syllable and lexeme.
These are the syllables allowed in coda position in both syllable and lexeme.
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===Radicals===
===Radicals===
{{Improvesection}}
 
:''See also: Attian [[Attian#Nouns|nouns]] and [[Attian#Verbs|verbs]].''
:''See also: Attian [[Attian#Nouns|nouns]] and [[Attian#Verbs|verbs]].''


{{quote
|text='''Gva aguma anijat gnama.'''
|sign=Anathir t'Armavir
|source=Descriptions of the language, p. 5
|about= '''I know the root of evil''' is an Attian grammatical saying by the Attian national grammarian Anathir t'Armavir. With this proverb, he illustrates the grammatical source, or root, to the word meaning "evil", rather than the semantical one.
}}


The Attian language has an uncommon [[w:nonconcatenative morphology|nonconcatenative morphology]], where roots, or radicals, are inserted in a verb template. A root consists of a set of bare [w:consonant|]]s (usually two), which are fitted into a discontinuous pattern to form words.  
The Attian language has an uncommon [[w:nonconcatenative morphology|nonconcatenative morphology]], where roots, or radicals, are inserted in a verb template. A root consists of a set of bare [w:consonant|]]s (usually two), which are fitted into a discontinuous pattern to form words.  
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*'''Triliterals''' - Triliterals are few, but also consist of derivations of biliterals. They have three bare consonants.
*'''Triliterals''' - Triliterals are few, but also consist of derivations of biliterals. They have three bare consonants.


====Vowel pattern====
====Vowel patterns====
The Attian patterns of transfixes, "vowel patterns", are plentiful and most often rather irregular.  The patterns are diverse for nouns, but the verbs have more standardised forms; see the section on [[Attian#Conjugation|verbal inflexion]].
 
Some forms do not exist in combination with certain radicals - should the semantics or phonotactics forbid. At times, the meaning of some vowel patterns may coincide and create synonyms. One example is ''{{c|ethnema}}'', ''thenma'' and ''thina'', all meaning "language".
 


{| class="bluetable lightblubg mw-collapsible mw-collapsible " border="1" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="bluetable lightblubg mw-collapsible mw-collapsible " border="1" style="text-align:center;"
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|-
|-
! Alienable
! Alienable
|CaCa
|C₁aC₂a
|eCiCa
|eC₁iC₂a
|CiCa
|C₁iC₂a
|CaCa
|C₁aC₂a
|-
|-
! Inalienable
! Inalienable
|CeCi
|C₁eC₂i
|eCCi
|eC₁C₂i
|CaCi
|C₁aC₂i
|uCCa
|uC₁C₂a
|-
|-
! Abstract
! Abstract
|aCiCa
|aC₁iC₂a
|eCiCa
|eC₁iC₂a
|CiCa
|C₁iC₂a
|CeCa
|C₁eC₂a
|-
|-
! Concrete
! Concrete
|aCCa
|aC₁C₂a
|eCiCa
|eC₁iC₂a
|CaCu
|C₁aC₂u
|aCCu
|aC₁C₂u
|-
|-
|}
|}




This Attian procedure is an unusual system of derivation. From any particular root various verb and noun stems may be formed, each with its own template (though there are few verbs where all stem patterns can be successfully applied). Roots are always presented in the following form: √''C-C-C''. Below are a few examples, of bi- and triliteral roots, in the first conjugational template.  
Above is a table of gender contrasting with characteristics. It displays a few of the vowel patterns, at least those that are predictable in form and meaning. Below are a few applications of the patterns on a few roots.  


{| cellpadding="4"  style="line-height: 1em; margin-top: 15px;"
{| cellpadding="4"  style="line-height: 1em; margin-top: 15px;"
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This is the first introduction of the template glossing. Since the Attian language utilises transfixes, the glossing is made with a slash following the translated word, and the glossing thereafter. Circumfixes are marked with angle brackets. To clarify, here is a previous example:
Since the Attian language utilises transfixes, the glossing is made with a slash ⟨ / ⟩ following the translated word, and the glossing thereafter.


==Nouns==
==Nouns==
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The Attian language is an active-stative language with fluid subjects, dependent upon semantic volition or control. This means that it marks the object of a transitive verb and the subject of a intransitive verb the same - with the '''patientive''' case - and mark the agent of the transitive separately, with the '''agentive''' case. The fluid subtype however, declares that the subject of an intransive verb, may be marked like the agent of the transitive, if the subject has sufficient control over the action.
The Attian language is an active-stative language with fluid subjects, dependent upon semantic volition or control. This means that it marks the object of a transitive verb and the subject of a intransitive verb the same - with the '''patientive''' case - and mark the agent of the transitive separately, with the '''agentive''' case. The fluid subtype however, declares that the subject of an intransive verb, may be marked like the agent of the transitive, if the subject has sufficient control over the action.


=====Patientive=====
The '''patientive''', or '''undergoing''' case, ({{sc|pat}})  is the case used to indicate both the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb, in addition to being used for the citation form of nouns.  
The '''patientive''', or '''undergoing''' case, ({{sc|pat}})  is the case used to indicate both the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb, in addition to being used for the citation form of nouns.  


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!
!


| colspan="6"|'''enath{{red|va}} atn{{blue|a}} mina'''
| colspan="6"|'''eta anth{{red|va}} atn{{blue|a}} mina'''
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
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!
!


| colspan="6"|/ɛnˈaθwa atˈna ˈŋina/
| colspan="6"|/ɛtˈa anˈθwa atˈna ˈŋina/
|-
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
<!-- Morphemes-->
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!
!


|<small>e-</small>
|<small>eta</small>
|<small>nath</small>
|<small>anth</small>
|<small>{{red|-va}}</small>
|<small>{{red|-va}}</small>
|<small>atn</small>
|<small>atn</small>
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!
!


|{{sc|prox}}-
|this/{{sc|prox.sg.m}}
|man/{{sc|m.sg.}}
|man/{{sc|m.sg.}}
| -{{sc|m.{{red|agt}}}}
| -{{sc|m.{{red|agt}}}}
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|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"| «''I trip''»
| colspan="2"| ''I trip''


!
!


| colspan="4"| «''You trip me''»
| colspan="4"| ''You trip me''


!
!


| colspan="6"|«''This man sees a dog''»
| colspan="6"|''This man sees a dog''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"|«''I speak of myself'' or ''I am being spoken of»
| colspan="2"|''I speak of myself'' or ''I am being spoken of


!
!


| colspan="3"|«''I am being spoken of''»
| colspan="3"|''I am being spoken of''


!
!


| colspan="4"|«''The cat is eating itself''»
| colspan="4"|''The cat is eating itself''




!
!


| colspan="4"|«''The cat is being eaten''»
| colspan="4"|''The cat is being eaten''
|}
|}
=====Agentative=====
[[Image:Control-argument-at.png|right|thumb|A table of the Attian control and volition distinction in the core arguments, illustrating the two-way distinction in the subject of intransitive clauses.|240px]]
[[Image:Control-argument-at.png|right|thumb|A table of the Attian control and volition distinction in the core arguments, illustrating the two-way distinction in the subject of intransitive clauses.|240px]]
The '''agentative''' ({{sc|agt}}) case is used to mark the subject, or agent, of transitive verbs. However, intertwined with the Attian language's distinction on control and volition, there is a slight intentional distinction on intransitives, marking high control intransitives through the agentative argument. Confer the difference betweem the [[w:English language|English]] intransitives "He tripped" and "He talked". In Attian, the former argument would be marked with the patientative case, since he is undergoing the verb, and the latter would be marked with the agentative, since he is in full control of his actions and the agent of the verb.  
The '''agentative''' ({{sc|agt}}) case is used to mark the subject, or agent, of transitive verbs. However, intertwined with the Attian language's distinction on control and volition, there is a slight intentional distinction on intransitives, marking high control intransitives through the agentative argument. Confer the difference betweem the [[w:English language|English]] intransitives "He tripped" and "He talked". In Attian, the former argument would be marked with the patientative case, since he is undergoing the verb, and the latter would be marked with the agentative, since he is in full control of his actions and the agent of the verb.  
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|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="2"|  /ˈhiŋaŋ͡m/
| colspan="2"|  /ˈhiŋ͡møŋ͡m/


!
!


| colspan="3"|/aŋ͡mˈa ˈhiŋa/
| colspan="3"|/aŋ͡mˈa ˈhiŋ͡mø/


!
!


| colspan="2"|/ˈhaŋaŋ͡m/
| colspan="2"|/ˈhaŋ͡møŋ͡m/


!
!


| colspan="3"|/aˈŋ͡ma haŋ/  
| colspan="3"|/aŋ͡mˈa haŋ/  
|-
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
<!-- Morphemes-->
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|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"|«''You are breathing.'' »<br/><small>(involuntarily, subconciously)</small>
| colspan="2"|''You are breathing.'' <br/><small>(involuntarily, subconciously)</small>


!
!


| colspan="3"|«''You are breathing.''»<br/><small>(intentionally, "breathing heavily")</small>
| colspan="3"|''You are breathing.''<br/><small>(intentionally, "breathing heavily")</small>


!
!


| colspan="2"|«''Breathe!'' »<br/><small>(as in "to start breathing")</small>
| colspan="2"|''Breathe!'' <br/><small>(as in "to start breathing")</small>


!
!


| colspan="3"|«''Breathe!''»<br/><small>(as in "calm down")</small>
| colspan="3"|''Breathe!''<br/><small>(as in "calm down")</small>
|}
|}


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|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"|«''You cook (something)''»
| colspan="2"|''You cook (something)''


!
!


| colspan="5"|«''You are cooking a squirrel''»
| colspan="5"|''You are cooking a squirrel''


!
!


| colspan="4"|«''The bird flies''»
| colspan="4"|''The bird flies''
|}
|}


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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="8"| '''gva va grammua cvenn{{blue|an}} gira'''  
| colspan="8"| '''gva va gramma genn{{blue|an}} gira'''  
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="8"| /ɡwa wa ˈɡr̥aŋ͡mu̩a ˈkwɛnːan ˈɡira/
| colspan="8"| /ɡwa wa ˈkr̥aŋ͡mø ˈk͡pœœnːan ˈɡira/
|-
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
<!-- Morphemes-->
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|<small>-va</small>
|<small>-va</small>
|<small>va</small>
|<small>va</small>
|<small>grammu-</small>
|<small>gramm-</small>
|<small>-a</small>
|<small>-a</small>
|<small>kvenn</small>
|<small>kvenn</small>
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|-
|-
<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="8"| «''I write the letter with a pen''»
| colspan="8"| ''I write the letter with a pen''
|}
|}


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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="4"|'''atva {{blue|u}}tagāv{{blue|un}} aggim'''
| colspan="4"|'''atva {{blue|u}}tagav{{blue|un}} aggim'''


!
!
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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="8"|'''gva rega {{blue|a}}magv{{blue|an}} gāva'''
| colspan="8"|'''gva rega {{blue|a}}magv{{blue|an}} gava'''


!
!
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|<small>magv</small>
|<small>magv</small>
|<small>-{{blue|an}}</small>
|<small>-{{blue|an}}</small>
|<small>gāva</small>
|<small>gava</small>


!
!
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<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->


| colspan="7"| «''I cut bread with knifes''»
| colspan="7"| ''I cut bread with knifes''


!
!


| colspan="3"|«''I am hit with stones''»
| colspan="3"|''I am hit with stones''
|}
|}


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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="5"|'''amnayya g{{blue|ān}}?'''
| colspan="5"|'''amnayya g{{blue|an}}?'''


!
!
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<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->


| colspan="5"| «''Are you with me?''»
| colspan="5"| ''Are you with me?''


!
!


| colspan="6"|«''I make it with you.''»
| colspan="6"|''I make it with you.''


!
!


| colspan="6"|Literary:«''I am with no hair.''» or «''I have no hair.''»
| colspan="6"|''I am with no hair.'' or ''I have no hair.''
|}
|}


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!
!


| colspan="3"|'''mumnayyiz g{{blue|ān}}'''
| colspan="3"|'''mumnayyiz g{{blue|an}}'''


!
!


| colspan="4"| '''ethunann g{{blue|ān}}'''
| colspan="4"| '''ethunann g{{blue|an}}'''
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
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|<small>mumnayyiz</small>
|<small>mumnayyiz</small>
|<small>g</small>
|<small>g</small>
|<small>{{blue|-ān}}</small>
|<small>{{blue|-an}}</small>


!
!
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|<small>-nn</small>
|<small>-nn</small>
|<small>g</small>
|<small>g</small>
|<small>{{blue|-ān}}</small>
|<small>{{blue|-an}}</small>
|-
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
<!-- Gloss-->
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<!-- Translations -->
<!-- Translations -->


| colspan="5"| «''I'm seen by you''»
| colspan="5"| ''I'm seen by you''


!
!
.
.
| colspan="3"|«''Discovered by me''»
| colspan="3"|''Discovered by me''


!
!


| colspan="4"|«''Me, I speak of myself.''»
| colspan="4"|''Me, I speak of myself.''
|}
|}


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There are several different degrees of animacy, which at times also intertwine with salency. The grading goes from ''Very high'' to ''Very low'' and spans 7 degrees. The top and most animate nouns are humans, and especially men and leaders. Women normally rank as at least as animate as men, but they can in certain circumstances be degraded to indicate inferiority. The least animate substantives are minerals, abstraction and in part; plants.  
There are several different degrees of animacy, which at times also intertwine with salency. The grading goes from ''Very high'' to ''Very low'' and spans 7 degrees. The top and most animate nouns are humans, and especially men and leaders. Women normally rank as at least as animate as men, but they can in certain circumstances be degraded to indicate inferiority. The least animate substantives are minerals, abstraction and in part; plants.  


====Don't blaim the stone====
====Don't blame the stone====
{{quote
{{quote
|text='''Men vathim vana'''.
|text='''Men vathim vana'''.
|sign=Anathir t'Armavir
|sign=Anathir t'Armavir
|source=Descriptions of the language, p. 35
|source=Descriptions of the language, p. 35
|about= '''Don't blaim the stone''' is a well known Attian saying, invented by the Attian grammarian Athanir t'Armavir. It's idiomatic meaning is that one should not blaim the tool when it is not the master of its own actions. It also carries grammatical significance, since the Attian language does not allow inanimate nouns to be the agent of a verb. An equivalent phrase in English would be: ''It isn't the gun that kills, but the one who pulled the trigger''.
|about= '''Don't blame the stone''' is a well known Attian saying, invented by the Attian grammarian Athanir t'Armavir. It's idiomatic meaning is that one should not blame the tool when it is not the master of its own actions. It also carries grammatical significance, since the Attian language does not allow inanimate nouns to be the agent of a verb. An equivalent phrase in English would be: ''It isn't the gun that kills, but the one who pulled the trigger''.
}}
}}
Below is an example of someone hit with stones. Here, the subject impossibly could be marked with the agentive, taking their inanimacy in regard. Instead, you may put the subject in the [[Attian#Instrumental|instrumental]] case, and mediopassivise the verb.  Alternatively the subject is degraded to an oblique, and a new subject is introduced.
Below is an example of someone hit with stones. Here, the subject impossibly could be marked with the agentive, taking their inanimacy in regard. Instead, you may put the subject in the [[Attian#Instrumental|instrumental]] case, and mediopassivise the verb.  Alternatively the subject is degraded to an oblique, and a new subject is introduced.
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*The instrumental forms transform verbal nouns to adverbs after verbs.
*The instrumental forms transform verbal nouns to adverbs after verbs.
*The locative forms transform nouns to locational or directional adverbs after verbs.
*The locative forms transform nouns to locational or directional adverbs after verbs.


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 450px; "
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 450px; "
|-
! colspan="7"|Distal demonstrative pronouns
! colspan="7"|Distal demonstrative pronouns
|-
|-
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! style="text-align: center;"|<small>Neuter</small>
! style="text-align: center;"|<small>Neuter</small>
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Agentive</small>
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Dependent</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|''ta<sup>1</sup>''
| style="text-align: center;"|''aʾ''-
| style="text-align: center;"|''an/va''
| style="text-align: center;"|''eʾ-''
| style="text-align: center;"|''tu/ta<sup>1</sup>''
| style="text-align: center;"|''aʾ''-
| style="text-align: center;"|''tim''
| style="text-align: center;"|''aʾ''-
| style="text-align: center;"|''vim''
| style="text-align: center;"|''eʾ-''
| style="text-align: center;"|''tev''
| style="text-align: center;"|''aʾ''-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Independent</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|''ah''
| style="text-align: center;"|''eh''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ah''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ahaʾ''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ehiʾ''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ahaʾ''
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Instrumental</small>
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Instrumental</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|''tan''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ahan''
| style="text-align: center;"|''an''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ehin''
| style="text-align: center;"|''tun''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ehen''
| style="text-align: center;"|''itan''
| style="text-align: center;"|''anni''
| style="text-align: center;"|''in''
| style="text-align: center;"|''enni''
| style="text-align: center;"|''utun''
| style="text-align: center;"|''henu''
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Locative</small>
! style="text-align: center; "|<small>Locative</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|''tat''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ahat''
| style="text-align: center;"|''vat''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ehit''
| style="text-align: center;"|''tut
| style="text-align: center;"|''ehet''
| style="text-align: center;"|''itat''
| style="text-align: center;"|''atti''
| style="text-align: center;"|''ivat''
| style="text-align: center;"|''etti''
| style="text-align: center;"|''utun''
| style="text-align: center;"|''hetu''
|}
|}
#The instrumental demonstratives may be identical to the agentive ones when preceeding adverbs.
*It is important to note that null-coda articles are inverted and prefixed when preceeding a word with an onset. Thus for example ''ta'' → ''at-''.


====Proximal demonstratives====
====Proximal demonstratives====
Line 4,490: Line 4,513:


==Pragmatics==
==Pragmatics==
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Attamian]][[Category:Attian]]
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:A priori]][[Category:Attian]][[Category:Featured]][[Category:User:Waahlis]]
{{Waahlis}}
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