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|name=Middle ''I Kronurum''
|name=Middle ''I Kronurum''
|nativename=''"that which is spoken"''
|nativename=''"that which is spoken"''
|pronunciation=/ˈʔi ˈkɾo̞.nu.ɾum/
|pronunciation=ˈʔi ˈkɾo̞.nu.ɾum
|-
|creator=[[User:Nicolasstraccia|Nicolás Straccia]]
|creator=[[User:Nicolasstraccia|Nicolás Straccia]]
|setting=''Yrḳuti'' conworlding project
|setting=''Yrḳuti'' conworlding project
|-
|states=The ''Seven Marks of Ifarka'' and some exclaves under their influence
|states=The ''Marks of Ifarka'' (i-Étrir, i-Jókláran, i-Fóþrhir, [...]) and some exclaves under their influence
<!--|speakers=
<!--|speakers=
<nowiki>|</nowiki> <big>𐌹𐌺𐍂𐍉𐌽𐌿𐍂𐌿𐌼</big>
<nowiki>|</nowiki> <big>𐌹𐌺𐍂𐍉𐌽𐌿𐍂𐌿𐌼</big>
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|ancestor4=Old IK
|ancestor4=Old IK
|ancestor5=Early Middle I Kronurum
|ancestor5=Early Middle I Kronurum
|script=[[w:Latin script|Latin]], [[w:Gothic script|Gothic]], native
|script1 = Latn
|iso3=qkm
|script2 = Goth
|-
|clcr=qkm
|notice=IPA
|notice=IPA
}}
}}
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====Onset mutations====
====Onset mutations====


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible" style="margin:0 0 0 1em; float:right;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin:0 0 0 1em; float:right;"
! colspan=3 | Mutation grade
! colspan=3 | Mutation grade
|-
|-
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These are some situations where sandhi rules apply. Generalized rules to follow.
These are some situations where sandhi rules apply. Generalized rules to follow.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! Sandhi || Example
|-
|-
| -/ren/-/rin/ → -/relin/, -/ro/-/rion/ → -/rolion/ || ash-coloured, grey ''agoróśigrelin'' {agor-ó-śigren-rin} → {agor-ó-śigrelin}
| -/ren/-/rin/ → -/relin/, -/ro/-/rion/ → -/rolion/ || ash-coloured, grey ''agoróśigrelin'' {agor-ó-śigren-rin} → {agor-ó-śigrelin}
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====Verb conjugation paradigms====
====Verb conjugation paradigms====


There are five basic verb conjugation paradigms or classes ({{sc|i}}, {{sc|ii}}, {{sc|iii}}, {{sc|iv}} and {{sc|v}}). The following table displays a collapsed view of the morphemic structures involved, grouping identical elements together:
There are five basic verb conjugation paradigms or classes:
 
:{{sc|i}} ''-nur'',
 
:{{sc|ii}} ''-tur'',
 
::{{sc|ii}}<small>.a</small> ''-dur'',
 
:{{sc|iii}} ''-rur'',
 
:{{sc|iv}} ''-jur'',
 
:{{sc|v}} ''-kur''.
 
The following table displays a collapsed view of the morphemic structures involved, grouping identical elements together:


{|
{|
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
|-
! || < > || // ||  
! Morphology || < > || // ||  
|-
|-
| style="background: #676767;"| || harna || ˈhɑɾ.nɐ || no, none; 0, cero (from harnara, nothing)
| style="background: #676767;"| || harna || ˈhɑɾ.nɐ || no, none; 0, cero (from harnara, nothing)
Line 1,007: Line 1,021:
=====Ordinals=====
=====Ordinals=====


=====Multiples=====
The ordinal form of a number is formed with the ordinal suffix ''-(j)os'' (derived from the superlative affix ''-jós''), with the form ''-os'' after plosives and fricatives and ''-jos'' after nasals and rhotics.


====Quantifiers====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
 
===Marking hierarchy===
 
====Nouns====
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center"
|-
|-
! -1 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4
! Morphology || < > || // ||  
|-
|-
| case governing particle: {{sc|gen}}, {{sc|acc}} || √{{sc|noun}} || {{sc|det}} || {{sc|pl}}, {{sc|dim}}, {{sc|augm}} || {{sc|and}} || grammatical case ({{sc|nom}}, {{sc|gen}}, {{sc|acc}}, {{sc|dat}}, {{sc|inst}}, {{sc|loc}}, {{sc|all}}), {{sc|advm}}
| style="background: #676767;"| || harna || ˈhɑɾ.nɐ || no, none; 0, cero (from harnara, nothing)
|-
|-
|}
| style="background: #676767;"| || jogos || ˈjo̞.go̞s || 01, first
 
====Verbs====
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center"
|-
|-
! -2 || -1 || 0 || colspan=2 | 1 || 2
| style="background: #676767;"| || norjos || ˈno̞ɾ.jo̞s || 02, second
|-
|-
| passive voice marker particle || aspect marker affix: intensive(1,2); imperfect, perfect || √{{sc|root}} || aspect marker affix: attenuative || conjugation affix for person, number, and mood || aspect marker particle
| style="background: #676767;"| || anjos || ˈʔɑ.ɲo̞s || 03, third
|-
|-
|}
| style="background: #676767;"| || ittos || ˈʔi.tːo̞s || 04, fourth
 
|-
===Derivational morphology===
| style="background: #676767;"| || lurjos || ˈluɾ.jo̞s || 05, fifth
'''· Nominalizer ({{sc|nmlz}})'''
|-
 
| style="background: #676767;"| || fitos || ˈfi.to̞s || 06, sixth
''Derivation of nouns from verbs (deverbal nouns):''
|-
 
| style="background: #676767;"| || éþos || ˈʔei̯.θo̞s || 07, seventh
: {{sc|nmlz}}-[verb in the infinitive]
|-
 
| style="background: #676767;"| || heltos || ˈhe̞l.to̞s || 08, eighth
''Derivation of nouns from adjectives and past-participles:''
|-
 
| style="background: #676767;"| || ustos || ˈʔus.to̞s || 09, ninth
: {{sc|nmlz}}-[adjective/{{sc|ppl}}]
|-
 
| style="background: #676767;"| || hórjos || ˈhu̜ɾ.jo̞s || 10, tenth
: dag, ''big''; i-dag, ''bigness''.
|-
 
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-jog-(j)os || hórjogos || ˈhu̜ɾ.jo̞.go̞s || 11, eleventh
''Nominalization of past participles''
|-
When a past participle is nominalized to mean “one or any instance of this deverbal form”, a contraction of the participial suffix happens as follows:
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-nor-(j)os || hórnorjos || ˈhu̜ɾ.no̞ɾ.jo̞s || 12, twelveth
 
|-
: [-nuri → -ni], [-turi → -ti], [-ruri → -ri], [-juri → -ji].
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-an-(j)os || hóranjos || ˈhu̜.ɾa.ɲo̞s || 13, thirteenth
 
|-
''Deverbal adjectives''
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-itt-(j)os || hórittos || ˈhu̜.ɾi.tːo̞s || 14, fourteenth
 
|-
: verb.{{sc|inf}}+{{sc|adjz}}
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-lur-(j)os || hólurjos || ˈhu̜ɾ.luɾ.jo̞s || 15, fifteenth
 
|-
''Denominal adjectives''
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-fit-(j)os || hórfitos || ˈhu̜ɾ.fi.to̞s || 16, sixteenth
 
|-
: - {{sc|adjz}} ''-rin''
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-éþ-(j)os || hóréþos || ˈhu̜ɾ.ei̯.θo̞s || 17, seventeenth
 
|-
: - “with” (''det-'')
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-jolt-(j)os || hórjoltos || ˈhu̜ɾ.jo̞l.to̞s || 18, eighteenth
 
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| hór-jost-(j)os || hórjostos || ˈhu̜ɾ.jo̞s.to̞s || 19, nineteenth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jor-(j)os || jorjos || ˈjo̞ɾ.jo̞s || 20, twentieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jor-(j)os || jogór-jorjos || ˈjo.gu̹.ɾio̯s || 21, twenty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| nor-ór-jor-(j)os || norór-jorjos || ˈno̞.ɾu̹.ɾio̯s || 22, twenty-second
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| an-ór-jor-(j)os || anór-jorjos || ˈʔɑ.nu̹.ɾio̯s || 23, twenty-third
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| itt-ór-jor-(j)os || ittór-jorjos || ˈʔi.tːu̹.ɾio̯s || 24, twenty-fourth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| lur-ór-jor-(j)os || lurór-jorjos || ˈlu.ɾu̹.ɾio̯s || 25, twenty-fifth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| fit-ór-jor-(j)os || fitór-jorjos || ˈfi.tu̹.ɾio̯s || 26, twenty-sixth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| éþ-ór-jor-(j)os || éþór-jorjos || ˈʔei̯.θu̹.ɾio̯s || 27, twenty-seventh
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| helt-ór-jor-(j)os || heltór-jorjos || ˈhe̞l.tu̹.ɾio̯s || 28, twenty-eighth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| ust-ór-jor-(j)os || ustór-jorjos || ˈʔus.tu̹.ɾio̯s || 29, twenty-ninth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jonar-(j)os || jonarjos || ˈjo̞.na.ɾio̯s || 30, thirtieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jonar-(j)os || jogór-jonarjos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞.na.ɾio̯s || 31, thirty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jottag-(j)os || jottagos || ˈjo̞.tːa.go̯s || 40, fortieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jottag-(j)os || jogór-jottagos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞.tːa.go̯s || 41, forty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jolur-(j)os || jolurjos || ˈjo̞.lu.ɾio̯s || 50, fiftieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jolur-(j)os || jogór-jolurjos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞.lu.ɾio̯s || 51, fifty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jofit-(j)os || jofitos || ˈjo̞.fi.to̯s || 60, sixtieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jofit-(j)os || jogór-jofitos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞.fi.to̯s || 61, sixty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| joþ-(j)os || joþos || ˈjo̞.θo̯s || 70, seventieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-joþ-(j)os || jogór-joþos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞.θo̯s || 71, seventy-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jolt-(j)os || joltos || ˈjo̞l.to̯s || 80, eightieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jolt-(j)os || jogór-joltos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞l.to̯s || 81, eighty-first
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jost-(j)os || jostos || ˈjo̞s.to̞s || 90, ninetieth
|-
| style="background: #D3D3D3;"| jog-ór-jost-(j)os || jogór-jostos || ˈjo.gu̹ɾ.ˌjo̞s.to̞s || 91, ninety-first
|-
|}
 
=====Multiples=====
 
· '''n-times''' → '''numeral+ADV'''
 
“in the manner of something which is n-times”. E.g. ''jog'', one - ''joguŕó'', simple (“in the manner of something which is one time”); ''nor'', two - ''noruŕó'', double; ''anaŕó'', triple; ''ittaguŕó'', quadruple;
 
· '''n-times''' → '''NLZ+numeral+ADV'''
 
“in the manner of something which is n-times”. E.g. ''jog'', one - ''ijoguŕó'', once(“in the manner of something which is one time”); ''nor'', two - ''inoruŕó'', twice; ''janaŕó'', thrice; ''jittaguŕó'', four times; etc.
 
====Quantifiers====
 
===Marking hierarchy===
 
====Nouns====
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center"
|-
! -1 || 0 || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4
|-
| case governing particle: {{sc|gen}}, {{sc|acc}} || √{{sc|noun}} || {{sc|det}} || {{sc|pl}}, {{sc|dim}}, {{sc|augm}} || {{sc|and}} || grammatical case ({{sc|nom}}, {{sc|gen}}, {{sc|acc}}, {{sc|dat}}, {{sc|inst}}, {{sc|loc}}, {{sc|all}}), {{sc|advm}}
|-
|}
 
====Verbs====
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center"
|-
! -2 || -1 || 0 || colspan=2 | 1 || 2
|-
| passive voice marker particle || aspect marker affix: intensive(1,2); imperfect, perfect || √{{sc|root}} || aspect marker affix: attenuative || conjugation affix for person, number, and mood || aspect marker particle
|-
|}
 
===Derivational morphology===
'''· Nominalizer ({{sc|nmlz}})'''
 
''Derivation of nouns from verbs (deverbal nouns):''
 
: {{sc|nmlz}}-[verb in the infinitive]
 
''Derivation of nouns from adjectives and past-participles:''
 
: {{sc|nmlz}}-[adjective/{{sc|ppl}}]
 
: dag, ''big''; i-dag, ''bigness''.
 
''Nominalization of past participles''
When a past participle is nominalized to mean “one or any instance of this deverbal form”, a contraction of the participial suffix happens as follows:
 
: [-nuri → -ni], [-turi → -ti], [-ruri → -ri], [-juri → -ji].
 
''Deverbal adjectives''
 
: verb.{{sc|inf}}+{{sc|adjz}}
 
''Denominal adjectives''
 
: - {{sc|adjz}} ''-rin''
 
: - “with” (''det-'')
 
: - “without” (''har-'')
: - “without” (''har-'')


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<br>
<br>


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
|-
! colspan=5 style="text-align:left" | List of discourse particles
! colspan=5 style="text-align:left" | List of discourse particles
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Groups: A) anthropogenic structures; B) abrupt terrain; C) waterfront; D) plain terrain; E) vegetation and other terrain; F) waterways.
Groups: A) anthropogenic structures; B) abrupt terrain; C) waterfront; D) plain terrain; E) vegetation and other terrain; F) waterways.


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
|-
! Group || colspan=4| Toponymical form
! Group || colspan=4| Toponymical form
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Some terms which are listed as one entry in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipzig%E2%80%93Jakarta_list Leipzig-Jakarta list] but have more than one distinct term in Ikronurum have become as many entries as needed to accommodate the scope of its vocabulary. For instance, the term “arm/hand” becomes two entries given that there is a lexical distinction between ''arm'' and ''hand''. Because of this accommodation to the scope of the Ikronurum lexicon, the list will have more entries than the original hundred, just as it would have needed to be for other languages, such as English.
Some terms which are listed as one entry in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipzig%E2%80%93Jakarta_list Leipzig-Jakarta list] but have more than one distinct term in Ikronurum have become as many entries as needed to accommodate the scope of its vocabulary. For instance, the term “arm/hand” becomes two entries given that there is a lexical distinction between ''arm'' and ''hand''. Because of this accommodation to the scope of the Ikronurum lexicon, the list will have more entries than the original hundred, just as it would have needed to be for other languages, such as English.


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
|-
! rowspan="2"| English || colspan="2"| I Kronurum
! rowspan="2"| English || colspan="2"| I Kronurum
Line 1,530: Line 1,648:
|long || bran || ˈbɾɑn
|long || bran || ˈbɾɑn
|-
|-
|louse || ||  
|louse || géga || ˈgei̯.gɐ
|-
|-
|mouth (human) || þiste || ˈθis.te̞
|mouth (human) || þiste || ˈθis.te̞
Line 1,851: Line 1,969:
Besides the history of the in-world, "native" orthographies of the different historical stages of I Kronurum, there are two transliteration standards: a romanization, and a "[[w:Gothic_alphabet|gautification]]" (a variation on Ulfilas' Gothic script).
Besides the history of the in-world, "native" orthographies of the different historical stages of I Kronurum, there are two transliteration standards: a romanization, and a "[[w:Gothic_alphabet|gautification]]" (a variation on Ulfilas' Gothic script).


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!colspan=5 | Orthographies
!colspan=5 | Orthographies
|-
|-
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