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The oldest preserved text in a language that can be ascribed with certainty to an early form of Dhannuá is the Samarkand stele, 300 BCE. The somewhat damaged stele was "rediscovered" in museum inventory, after being donated in 1878 from a private collector and having collected dust for 133 years until its discovery 2011. The somewhat illegible text on the stele reads: | The oldest preserved text in a language that can be ascribed with certainty to an early form of Dhannuá is the Samarkand stele, 300 BCE. The somewhat damaged stele was "rediscovered" in museum inventory, after being donated in 1878 from a private collector and having collected dust for 133 years until its discovery 2011. The somewhat illegible text on the stele reads: | ||
:''' | :'''DOMAN•SEVANT•EVEN•REIDA•DEPOT•SEPTA•KLUNIVAD•KAPTOD''' | ||
:: ''doman sewant(i) ewen(s) reida(nti) depot(es) septa(n) klu(sa)ni(a)wad kaptod'' | :: ''doman sewant(i) ewen(s) reida(nti) depot(es) septa(n) klu(sa)ni(a)wad kaptod'' | ||
:: 'Home they seek, horses they ride, lords seven, Klusaniawa taken.' | :: 'Home they seek, horses they ride, lords seven, Klusaniawa taken.' | ||
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One thing that is certain from analysing the sample of Early Dhannua given by the Samarkand stele is that already at this stage the accusative marker had become -n, PIE ''*septḿ̥'' has become ''septan'' and a coda-final voicing of the dative –ōt > -ōd. The third person plural is still present in its entirety. There is also a formation of a verbal adjective with ''-to'' as seen in ''kaptod''. | One thing that is certain from analysing the sample of Early Dhannua given by the Samarkand stele is that already at this stage the accusative marker had become -n, PIE ''*septḿ̥'' has become ''septan'' and a coda-final voicing of the dative –ōt > -ōd. The third person plural is still present in its entirety. There is also a formation of a verbal adjective with ''-to'' as seen in ''kaptod''. | ||
===Lúsan Empire=== | ===Lúsan Empire=== |