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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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→H-nouns - Hahą lā halenī
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | {| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | ||
|+1-h (-a, -ā, (-ah, -āh)) | |+1-h (-a, -ā, (-ah, -āh), -o<sup>1</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! <small>Genitive</small> | ! <small>Genitive</small> | ||
| māri<sup> | | māri<sup>2</sup> || māreva || mārumi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>Translative</small> | ! <small>Translative</small> | ||
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | {| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | ||
|+2-h (-ē, -eh, -ǣh<sup> | |+2-h (-ē, -eh, -ǣh<sup>3</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! <small>Genitive</small> | ! <small>Genitive</small> | ||
| javili || javileva<sup> | | javili || javileva<sup>4</sup> || javilyumi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>Translative</small> | ! <small>Translative</small> | ||
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | {| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | ||
|+3-h (-uh, -ūh, -u<sup> | |+3-h (-uh, -ūh, -u<sup>5</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ||
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | {| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" | | ||
|+4-m (-ih, -īh, -i<sup> | |+4-m (-ih, -īh, -i<sup>6</sup>) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! <small>Genitive</small> | ! <small>Genitive</small> | ||
| raiṇi<sup> | | raiṇi<sup>2</sup> || raiṇeva || raiṇumi | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small>Translative</small> | ! <small>Translative</small> | ||
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|} | |} | ||
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The ''h-paradigm'' used by nouns in ''-ah'' and ''-āh'' is substantially identical to the regular 1-h one, except for the exessive, dative, ablative, locative, and instrumental plural which have ''-a-'' instead of ''-e-'' as a linking vowel and, for some nouns, the genitive singular ''(see table note | The ''h-paradigm'' used by nouns in ''-ah'' and ''-āh'' is substantially identical to the regular 1-h one, except for the exessive, dative, ablative, locative, and instrumental plural which have ''-a-'' instead of ''-e-'' as a linking vowel and, for some nouns, the genitive singular ''(see table note 2)''. | ||
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Table notes: | Table notes: | ||
# ''-o'' nouns are mostly toponyms of Toyubeshian origins; they decline like ''-a'' nouns, with their ending being treated as *-a-u, with the -a part of the stem; e.g. ''Paramito'', locative ''Paramitai'' (underlying form Paramit-a-e). | |||
# ''-ya'', and ''-yā'' nouns form the genitive singular in ''-ei'' (e.g. ''lalyā'' "night" → ''lalei''). Nouns in ''-yah'', and ''-yāh'', however, have the regular ending (e.g. ''yamyah'' "fog" → ''yamyi''). | # ''-ya'', and ''-yā'' nouns form the genitive singular in ''-ei'' (e.g. ''lalyā'' "night" → ''lalei''). Nouns in ''-yah'', and ''-yāh'', however, have the regular ending (e.g. ''yamyah'' "fog" → ''yamyi''). | ||
# All ''-ǣh'' nouns are of Lällshag origin, and are mostly toponyms (like ''Laikunanǣh''), with some exceptions like the two lunar days ''kælyaunænǣh'' and ''yeicapænǣh''. Note that such nouns have their genitive singular in ''-ǣyi'' and not in ''-ī''. | # All ''-ǣh'' nouns are of Lällshag origin, and are mostly toponyms (like ''Laikunanǣh''), with some exceptions like the two lunar days ''kælyaunænǣh'' and ''yeicapænǣh''. Note that such nouns have their genitive singular in ''-ǣyi'' and not in ''-ī''. | ||