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Nahónda: Difference between revisions
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In Nahónda, the clause containing the verb head, i.e. the "main verb", precedes the modifiers<ref>Interestingly, the order of dependent verbs mirrors the placement of verb affixes in the Eskaleut languges.</ref>. This is an unusual feature, as most(??) languages that employ verb stacking place the modifying verb before its head. Placement of the dependents appears to be motivated by scopal considerations, with each element having leftward scope over all elements preceding it in the verb phrase. The dependents are also are unmarked for TAM, and person marking is null, i.e. the dependents take third person singular marking. Instead, the dependents inherit their person and TAM marking from the main verb. | In Nahónda, the clause containing the verb head, i.e. the "main verb", precedes the modifiers<ref>Interestingly, the order of dependent verbs mirrors the placement of verb affixes in the Eskaleut languges.</ref>. This is an unusual feature, as most(??) languages that employ verb stacking place the modifying verb before its head. Placement of the dependents appears to be motivated by scopal considerations, with each element having leftward scope over all elements preceding it in the verb phrase. The dependents are also are unmarked for TAM, and person marking is null, i.e. the dependents take third person singular marking. Instead, the dependents inherit their person and TAM marking from the main verb. | ||
An example of verb stacking with the | An example of verb stacking, with the verbs ''tatʼano'' ("to give") to convey an Allative relation, and ''bana'' ("to be quick") to convey immediacy, are illustrated in the following gloss: | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
|phrase = Gokóde yakalódona tatʼano. | |phrase = Gokóde yakalódona tatʼano bana. | ||
| IPA = /go'ko:dɛ jaka'lo:dona 'tatʼano | | IPA = /go'ko:dɛ jaka'lo:dona 'tatʼano 'bana | ||
| morphemes = gokóde ∅-ya-kaló-dona ∅-tatʼa-∅-∅-no ba-∅-∅-na | | morphemes = gokóde ∅-ya-kaló-dona ∅-tatʼa-∅-∅-no ba-∅-∅-na | ||
| gloss = enemy 3S.PT-1S.AGT-throw-spear-PST give.3S-PFCT-PST-CONJ be.swift-PFCT-PST-CONJ | | gloss = enemy 3S.PT-1S.AGT-throw-spear-PST give.3S-PFCT-PST-CONJ be.swift-PFCT-PST-CONJ | ||