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Attian (view source)

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===Stress===
===Stress===
Attian's system of lexical stress is different to that of for example English. Unlike [[w:English language#Stress|English]], it's completely regular, however '''moraic'''. This means that the heaviest syllables are stressed, and the if the lexeme contains several equivalent syllables, the one second is emphasised.
Attian's system of lexical stress is different to that of for example English. Unlike [[w:English language#Stress|English]], Attian possesses a [[Attian#Stress|moraic stress system]] which similarly to [[w:Latin|Latin]] follows a [[w:dreimorengesetz|dreimorengesetz]], three-morae-rule, which in this case dictates that '''the third mora is always stressed'''.  
The Attian stress affects and [[Attian#Vowel allophony|reinforces]] the vowel phonemes' articulation. Should the syllable nucleus consist of a diphthong, it remains unaffected.
 
The Attian phonotactics establish the following syllable structure:
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=text-align:center
! colspan="5"|Initial Syllable Structure
|-
|('''C''')
|('''C''')
|'''V'''
|'''C'''
|('''C''')
|-
! colspan="5"|General
|-
|('''C''')
|'''V'''
| colspan="2" |('''C''')/('''N''')
|('''N''')
|}
 
====Attian morae====
The weight of an Attian syllable is determined out of three circumstances, each of which represent one mora. As it happens, the morae correspond to the three universal syllable segments:
*A syllable onset. ('''ω''')
**An onset is built up by consonants before the nucleus. The weight is not affected by the number of consonants.
*A nucleus. ('''ν''')
**The nucleus is mandatory and always composed of a diphthong or a vowel.
*A syllable coda. ('''κ''')
**A coda is composed of the consonants after the nucleus. The weight is not affected by the number of consonants.
 
The conclusions are:
*A syllable may be realised at the most as ('''ω + ν + κ'''). Each of these represent one mora, three altogether.
*The phonotactics say that an initial syllable is realised minimally as VC, thus always receiving a syllable coda, ('''ν + κ'''), giving two morae altogether.
*The minimal syllable possible is the sole nucleus, ('''ν'''), and it only occurs finally.
 
This leaves four possible combinations:
*('''ω + ν + κ''')
*('''ω + ν''')
*('''ν + κ''')
*('''ν''')


The morae of Attian are determined out of three circumstances, each of which represent one mora:
Compare the following:
*The existence of a syllable coda is self-written only in native words.
*A long vowel or diphthong.
*The existence of a syllable onset.


The Attian phonotactics dictate that a syllable, and thus also a lexeme, may be realised minimally as VC, hence always receiving a syllable coda.
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
The existence of a syllable onset substitutes over one mora and contrasts with null onsets:
|+
:'''First syllable stressed'''
<!-- Sentence -->
*'''{{blue|am}}''' - «''blood''», /ˈaŋ/ (monomoraic)
| colspan="2"|  '''zema'''
*'''{{blue|yam}}ina''' - «''come''», /ˈjaŋ.iːn.a/ (trimoraic-bimoraic-monomoraic)
!
:'''Second syllable stressed'''
| colspan="2"| '''atna'''
*'''{{blue|yam}}nann''' - «''my coming''», /jaŋ.ˈnanː/ (trimoraic-trimoraic)
!
The existence of a geminated vowel or diphthong also reinforces the syllable weight:
| colspan="3"| '''ethnema'''
*'''yam{{blue|nay}}''' - «''his coming''», /ˈjaŋ.naj/ (trimoraic-trimoraic)
|-
The following example details how geminate consonants actually are realised as double consonants in syllable boundaries.
<!-- Pronunciation-->
*'''yam{{blue|nan}}nayya''' - «''it is my coming''» /jaŋ.ˈnan.naj.ja/ (trimoraic-trimoraic-trimoraic-monomoraic)
| colspan="2"| /ˈzɛŋ͡m.ø/
!
| colspan="2"|  /at.ˈna/
!
| colspan="3"| /ɛθ.ˈnɛŋ͡m.ø
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>zem</small>
|<small>a</small>
!
|<small>at</small>
|<small>na</small>
!
|<small>eth</small>
|<small>nem</small>
|<small>a</small>
|-
<!-- Segments -->
|('''ω + ν + κ''')
|(ν)
!
|(ν + κ)
|('''ω + ν''')
!
|(ν + κ)
|('''ω + ν + κ''')
|(ν)
|-
<!-- Morae-->
|1 + 1 + '''1'''
| + 1
!
|1 + 1
| + '''1''' + 1
!
|1 + 1
| + '''1''' + 1 +1
| + 1
|-
<!-- Translation-->
| colspan="2"|''house''
!
| colspan="2"| ''dog''
!
| colspan="3"|''language''
|}
Due to the restrictions in the phonotactics, a word may only be stressed on the first or second syllable, depending on where the third mora lies. The first syllable always totals at least two morae, and the second at least one.


With these points considered, the conclusion is that the Attian emphasis always lies on either the first syllable, should the word commence with a consonant or diphthong, or on the second syllable, if the first phoneme is a vowel, or if both the initial and second syllables are equally heavy. This only concerns non-prefixed stems however. Stress in the Attian language is absolute and shows no inclination towards moving, regardless of any prefixing, unless the consonant template ischanged:
This makes it possible to formulate a law to describe the Attian stress pattern:
*''If a word starts with a consonant, the first syllable is stressed. Should the word start with a vowel, the second syllable is stressed.''


*'''{{blue|gav}}a''' - «''to cut''» /ˈgaw.a/ → '''{{blue|ma}}gva''' - «''knife''», /ˈmag.wa/ → '''e{{blue|mag}}va''' - «''knife''» /ɛˈmag.wa/ not /ɛmˈag.wa/
====Effect on vowels====
:''For more information, go to [[Attian/Phonology]].''
The Attian stress affects and [[Attian#Vowel allophony|reinforces]] the vowel phonemes' articulation. Should the syllable nucleus consist of a diphthong, it remains unaffected.


===Accent===
===Accent===
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