User:Waahlis/Hrasic: Difference between revisions

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Hrasú has three numbers, all of which are equally common in the language. The Hrasic numbers are different to those of English, instead using a so-called [[w:singulative number|collective-singulative]] distinction.
Hrasú has three numbers, all of which are equally common in the language. The Hrasic numbers are different to those of English, instead using a so-called [[w:singulative number|collective-singulative]] distinction.


The distinction infers that the basic form of a noun is the collective, which is indifferent to the number and unmarked. However, in Hrasú, the collective form has an additional meaning, and can also signify duals. It is thus the singulative that goes unmarked.
The distinction infers that the basic form of a noun is the collective, which is indifferent to the number and unmarked. However, in Hrasú, the collective form has an additional meaning, and can also signify duals. It is thus the singulative that most often goes unmarked.


=====Singulative=====  
=====Singulative=====  
Line 609: Line 609:
=====Plurative=====
=====Plurative=====
The [[w:plurative|plurative]] ({{sc|pl}}) marks when there are multiple nouns, but more than two. It does not have the collective sense that the English equivalent does.
The [[w:plurative|plurative]] ({{sc|pl}}) marks when there are multiple nouns, but more than two. It does not have the collective sense that the English equivalent does.
=====Examples=====
In the animate gender ({{sc|an}}), most of the times the collective goes unmarked.
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="2"|'''gúra'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''gur'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''gúran'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="2"|/ˈgɯrɑ/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈgʊr/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈgɯrɑn/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>gur</small>
|<small>-a</small>
!
|<small>gur</small>
|<small>-∅</small>
!
|<small>gur</small>
|<small>-an</small>
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|pig.{{sc|c2.an}}
| -{{sc|nom.sg.}}
!
|pig.{{sc|c2.an}}
| -{{sc|nom.dc.}}
!
|pig.{{sc|c2.an}}
| -{{sc|nom.pl.}}
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"| ''A pig''
!
| colspan="2"|''Pigs (''as a race'')<br> Pigs (''as a group'')<br> Two pigs''
!
| colspan="2"|''Pigs; several''
|}
There exceptions to this, however. The first class of animate nouns ({{sc|c1.an}}) have a marked collective instead.
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="2"|'''tiánu'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''etiánu'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''tiánun'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="2"|/ˈtɪæn/
!
| colspan="2"|/əˈtɪæn/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈtɪænʊn/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>tiánu</small>
|<small>-∅</small>
!
|<small>e-</small>
|<small>tiánu</small>
!
|<small>tiánu</small>
|<small>-n</small>
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|man.{{sc|c1.an}}
| -{{sc|nom.sg.}}
!
| {{sc|nom.dc.}}-
|man.{{sc|c1.an}}
!
|man.{{sc|c1.an}}
| -{{sc|nom.pl}}
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"| ''A man''
!
| colspan="2"|''Man (''humanity'')<br> Men (''as a group'')<br> Two men''
!
| colspan="2"|''Men; several''
|}
Concerning class 2 inanimate nouns ({{sc|c2.inan}}), the singulative most often goes unmarked, just like class 2 animates.
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="2"|'''chac'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''achac'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''chacú'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="2"|/ˈkʰɑk̚/
!
| colspan="2"|/ɑˈkʰɑk̚/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈkʰɑk̚ɯ/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>chac</small>
|<small>-∅</small>
!
|<small>a-</small>
|<small>chac</small>
!
|<small>chac</small>
|<small>-ú</small>
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|box.{{sc|c1.inan}}
| -{{sc|nom.sg.}}
!
| {{sc|nom.dc.}}-
|box.{{sc|c1.inan}}
!
|box.{{sc|c1.inan}}
| -{{sc|nom.pl}}
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"| ''A box''
!
| colspan="2"|''Boxes (''as a group'')<br> Two boxes''
!
| colspan="2"|''Boxes; several''
|}
The first class of inanimates  ({{sc|c1.inan}}) have an unmarked collective, instead. These are often [[w:collective nouns|collective nouns]].
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="2"|'''hara'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''hár'''
!
| colspan="2"|'''haran'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| colspan="2"|/ˈhɑrɑ/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈhær/
!
| colspan="2"|/ˈhɑrɑn/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>hár</small>
|<small>-a</small>
!
|<small>hár</small>
|<small>-∅</small>
!
|<small>hár</small>
|<small>-an</small>
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|wheat.{{sc|c1.inan}}
| -{{sc|nom.sg.}}
!
|wheat.{{sc|c1.inan}}
| -{{sc|nom.dc.}}
!
|wheat.{{sc|c1.inan}}
| -{{sc|nom.pl}}
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="2"| ''A grain of wheat''
!
| colspan="2"|''Wheat (''as a cereal'')<br> Two grains of wheat''
!
| colspan="2"|''Several grains of wheat''
|}


====Gender====
====Gender====
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