Ancient Nivarese: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name          = Ancient Nivarese
|name          = Ancient Nivarese
|nativname       = Nívareōs
|nativename       = Nīvaʼōnīs
|pronunciation = [ˈnivareoːθ]
|pronunciation = niːvaˈɁoːniːθ
|region        = Nivaren
|state        = Nivaren
|ethnicity    = Iscegons
|ethnicity    = Nivarenians
|extinct      = ca. 500
|extinct      = ca. 500
|era          = Ancient Nivaren (second half 1st millennium pre-Western Time; first half of the 1st millennium)
|era          = Ancient Nivaren (second half 1st millennium pre-Western Time; first half of the 1st millennium)
|setting      = Calémere
|setting      = Calémere
|familycolor  = #33FF99
|familycolor  = Dravidian
|fam1          = [[Evandorian languages]]
|fam1          = [[Evandorian languages]]
|fam2          = Southern Evandorian
|fam2          = Southern Evandorian
|creator      = [[User:Lili21|Lili21]]
|creator      = User:Lili21
|created      = Oct 2017
|created      = Oct 2017
|script        = Nivarese script
|scripts      = Nivarese script
|notice       = ipa
}}
}}
'''Ancient Nivarese''' (''Nívareōs'' or ''ur lhēnyrís ur Nívareōs'' [ur ɬeːnyˈriθ ur ˈnivareoːθ]; in [[Nivarese|Modern Nivarese]]: ''u šeňurì u urdà u Nivariói'') is an [[Evandorian languages|Evandorian language]] of Calémere, the earliest attested of the whole family and one of the Calemerian languages with the most ancient attestations.<br/>
Ancient Nivarese was the language of present-day ''Nivaren'' (''Nívarēn'') in ancient times, the ancestor of Modern Nivarese, and - together with [[Íscégon]] - was the cultural language of Evandorian civilizations during classical antiquity. Due to this importance, Ancient Nivarese words have entered the common vocabulary of all Evandorian languages and, in more modern times, learned vocabulary of most languages of the planet.
'''Ancient Nivarese''' (''Nīvaʼōnīs'' or ''os khipserē os Nīvaʼōnīs'' [oθ xipθeˈreː oθ niːvaˈɁoːniːθ]; in [[Nivarese|Modern Nivarese]]: ''o khišrí o urdá o Niveóni'') is an [[Evandorian languages|Evandorian language]] of [[Verse:Calémere|Calémere]], the earliest attested of the whole family and one of the Calemerian languages with the most ancient attestations.<br/>
Ancient Nivarese was the language of present-day ''Nivaren'' (''Nīvaren'' [ˈniːvaren]) in ancient times, the ancestor of Modern Nivarese, and - together with [[Íscégon]] - was the cultural language of Evandorian civilizations during classical antiquity. Due to this importance, Ancient Nivarese words have entered the common vocabulary of all Evandorian languages and, in more modern times, learned vocabulary of most languages of the planet.


Ancient Nivarese is a Southern Evandorian language, and thus related to [[Auralian]], Gazimyük, and the Agrôkian languages. It shares features common to all early attested Evandorian languages, thus there are still many visible similarities with Íscégon, but it also has the typical traits of Southern Evandorian languages, like its development of a construct state.
Ancient Nivarese is a Southern Evandorian language, and thus related to [[Auralian]], Gazimyük, and the Agrôkian languages. It shares features common to all early attested Evandorian languages, thus there are still many visible similarities with Íscégon, but it also has the typical traits of Southern Evandorian languages, like its development of a construct state.


==Introduction==
==External History==
Ancient Nivarese is a language I blatantly made as a Calemerian analogue to Ancient Greek. Nivaren's location in Evandor and its geography aren't even that different to what Greece in Europe is, and overall Ancient Nivarese's history of contacts with the Íscégon world is pretty similar to the Latin-Ancient Greek one. Partially this was because I transposed to Calémere the alt-Earth setting I had been using before, and I simply mapped Nivaren to Greece. My earlier version of Ancient Nivarese was, accordingly, mostly inspired by Greek even if still different; the current one I am developing only marginally keeps that, while I decided for an aesthetic more inspired by Hebrew and Aramaic (even if the language itself is completely different).


<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
<!-- Example categories/headings:
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Setting
Inspiration
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<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
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Consonant inventory
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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! → PoA <br/> ↓ Manner !! Labial !! Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
! → PoA <br/> ↓ Manner !! Labial<br/>Labiodental !! Dento-alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Uvular !! Pharyngeal !! Glottal
|-
|-
! Nasals
! Nasals
| '''m''' /m/ || || '''n''' /n/ || || ||
| '''m''' /m/ || '''n''' /n/ || || || || ||
|-
|-
! Plosives
! Plosives
| '''p''' /p/ || || '''t''' /t/<br/>'''d''' /d/ || || '''k''' /k/ ||
| '''p''' /p/<br/>'''b''' /b/ || '''t''' /t/<br/>'''d''' /d/ || || '''k''' /k/<br/>'''g''' /ɡ/ || '''q''' /q/ || || '''ˈ''' /Ɂ/
|-
|-
! Fricatives
! Fricatives
| || '''f''' /f/<br/>'''v''' /v/ || '''s''' /θ/<br/>'''lh''' /ɬ/ || || || || '''h''' /h/
| '''f''' /f/<br/>'''v''' /v/ || '''s''' /θ/<br/>'''ś''' /ɬ/ || || '''kh''' /x/ || || '''ḥ''' /ħ/<br/>'''ʻ''' /ʕ/ || '''h''' /h/
|-
! Approximants
| || ||  || '''i''' /j/ ||  ||  ||
|-
|-
! Trill
! Trill
| || || '''r''' /r/ || || || ||  
| || '''r''' /r/ || || || || ||  
|-
|-
! Lateral
! Lateral
| || || '''l''' /l/ || || || ||
| || '''l''' /l/ || || || || ||
|-
! Approximants
| '''w''' /w/ || || '''y''' /j/ || || || ||  
|}
|}
The letter '''x''' represents the /kθ/ cluster.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
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|-
|-
! High
! High
| '''i''' /i/<br/> '''y ȳ''' /y yː/ || || '''u ū''' /u uː/
| '''i ī''' /i iː/ || || '''u ū''' /u uː/
|-
|-
! Mid
! Mid
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|-
|-
! Low
! Low
| || '''a''' /a/ ||
| || '''a ā''' /a aː/ ||
|}
|}
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
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==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
====Masculine noun declension===
====Masculine noun declension====
Back-vowel stem ''hotṓs, hotolhis'' "hawk" (< PEv *roktog); front-vowel stem ''niēs, niēkis'' "finger" (< PEv *ńeɬek)
<!--Back-vowel stem ''hotṓs, hotolhis'' "hawk" (< PEv *roktog); front-vowel stem ''niēs, niēkis'' "finger" (< PEv *ńeɬek)
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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! Lative
! Lative
| hótolhūn || hotolhṓrūn || hotolhȳ́s || hotolhōrȳ́s || niḗïn || niēkḗrin || niēís || niēkērís
| hótolhūn || hotolhṓrūn || hotolhȳ́s || hotolhōrȳ́s || niḗïn || niēkḗrin || niēís || niēkērís
|}
|}-->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->


Latest revision as of 02:18, 19 November 2023

Ancient Nivarese
Nīvaʼōnīs
Pronunciation[niːvaˈɁoːniːθ]
Created byLili21
DateOct 2017
SettingCalémere
Native toNivaren
EthnicityNivarenians
Extinctca. 500
Evandorian languages
  • Southern Evandorian
    • Ancient Nivarese
Nivarese script
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Ancient Nivarese (Nīvaʼōnīs or os khipserē os Nīvaʼōnīs [oθ xipθeˈreː oθ niːvaˈɁoːniːθ]; in Modern Nivarese: o khišrí o urdá o Niveóni) is an Evandorian language of Calémere, the earliest attested of the whole family and one of the Calemerian languages with the most ancient attestations.

Ancient Nivarese was the language of present-day Nivaren (Nīvaren [ˈniːvaren]) in ancient times, the ancestor of Modern Nivarese, and - together with Íscégon - was the cultural language of Evandorian civilizations during classical antiquity. Due to this importance, Ancient Nivarese words have entered the common vocabulary of all Evandorian languages and, in more modern times, learned vocabulary of most languages of the planet.

Ancient Nivarese is a Southern Evandorian language, and thus related to Auralian, Gazimyük, and the Agrôkian languages. It shares features common to all early attested Evandorian languages, thus there are still many visible similarities with Íscégon, but it also has the typical traits of Southern Evandorian languages, like its development of a construct state.

External History

Ancient Nivarese is a language I blatantly made as a Calemerian analogue to Ancient Greek. Nivaren's location in Evandor and its geography aren't even that different to what Greece in Europe is, and overall Ancient Nivarese's history of contacts with the Íscégon world is pretty similar to the Latin-Ancient Greek one. Partially this was because I transposed to Calémere the alt-Earth setting I had been using before, and I simply mapped Nivaren to Greece. My earlier version of Ancient Nivarese was, accordingly, mostly inspired by Greek even if still different; the current one I am developing only marginally keeps that, while I decided for an aesthetic more inspired by Hebrew and Aramaic (even if the language itself is completely different).

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

→ PoA
↓ Manner		 Labial
Labiodental		 Dento-alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyngeal Glottal
Nasals m /m/ n /n/
Plosives p /p/
b /b/		 t /t/
d /d/		 k /k/
g /ɡ/		 q /q/ ˈ /Ɂ/
Fricatives f /f/
v /v/		 s /θ/
ś /ɬ/		 kh /x/ ḥ /ħ/
ʻ /ʕ/		 h /h/
Trill r /r/
Lateral l /l/
Approximants w /w/ y /j/

The letter x represents the /kθ/ cluster.

Vowels

Front Central Back
High i ī /i iː/ u ū /u uː/
Mid e ē /e eː/ o ō /o oː/
Low a ā /a aː/

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Masculine noun declension

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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