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{{Ambox | |||
| name = construction | |||
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| sect = {{{1|}}} | |||
| issue = is a '''construction site'''. This project is currently undergoing significant construction and/or revamp. By all means, take a look around, thank you. | |||
| talk = {{{talk|}}} | |||
| date = {{{date|}}} | |||
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{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|name = Holenagic | |name = Holenagic | ||
|nativename = | |nativename = Hgâhlenaihduq <br/> hfrahb ê Ngâhlenaid | ||
|pronunciation = | |pronunciation = ˈɣɔɬənæjuq]<br/>[ˈɔː i ˈŋɔɬənætʃ | ||
|region = island of Holenagika | |region = island of Holenagika | ||
|ethnicity = Holenagics | |ethnicity = Holenagics | ||
| Line 8: | Line 19: | ||
|date = 2312 | |date = 2312 | ||
|setting = Calémere | |setting = Calémere | ||
|familycolor = | |familycolor = Dravidian | ||
|fam1 = [[Evandorian languages]] | |fam1 = [[Evandorian languages]] | ||
|creator = [[User:Lili21|Lili21]] | |creator = [[User:Lili21|Lili21]] | ||
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|script = Íscégon script for Holenagic | |script = Íscégon script for Holenagic | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Holenagic''' — natively called ''' | '''Holenagic''' — natively called '''Hgâhlenaihduq''' [ˈɣɔɬənæjuq] or '''hfrahb ê Ngâhlenaid''' [ˈɔː i ˈŋɔɬənætʃ] or, rarely, ''hfrahb uir qehfthlehgar'' [ˈɔː irʲ ˈq͡χeːtʰɬe.ər] — is a language of the planet of [[Verse:Calémere|Calémere]], spoken natively by about 13 million people on '''Holenagika''' (Hol.: ''Hgâhlenaid'' [ˈɣɔɬənætʃ] [[Íscégon|Ísc.]]: ''Holenágieca''; [[Cerian|Cer.]]: ''Holenájica''; [[Chlouvānem|Chl.]]: ''Hålinaica''), Calémere's largest island, located in the northwestern corner of Evandor (mostly covered by mountains, taiga, and tundra in the north). | ||
It is an [[Evandorian languages|Evandorian language]] and an isolate in the family, as it developed early enough to have its own peculiarities, not shared with any other Evandorian language, both in the sounds and in the grammar.It also keeps a highly etymological orthography, with many silent letters, as in ''hdieigv'' "road" /iːvʲ/ [iːvʲ] (Western Holenagic dialects: /iː/), ''siôhp'' "fruit" /ɕef/ [ɕew], or ''hfrahb'' "language" /ɔː/ [ɔː]. | |||
-- | ==External History== | ||
==Phonology== | Holenagic is a language I have rebuilt from scratch many times. Its first version had a Lithuanian-like orthography but was very un-Lithuanian-sounding, then I began to change it in order to have something that was not really like the languages near it. After all, as Holenagica is a large island at the periphery of Evandor, it kinda made sense to have unusual features in it. So I settled for it to be the outlier of the family, with unusual sounds among Evandorian languages and an opaque, very conservative orthography. My main inspirations behind it are Irish, Klingon, and Icelandic. | ||
<!--==Phonology== | |||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! → PoA <br/> ↓ Manner !! Labial !! Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Uvular | |||
|- | |||
! Nasals | |||
| m || || n̥ nᵞ nʲ || || ŋ̊ ŋ || | |||
|- | |||
! Plosives | |||
| p b || || t d || || k ɡ || q | |||
|- | |||
! Affricates | |||
| || || ts dz || tɕ dʑ cç || || | |||
|- | |||
! Fricatives | |||
| || f v || s z || ʃ ʒ ç || x ɣ || | |||
|- | |||
! Laterals | |||
| || || l̥ lᵞ || ʎ || || | |||
|- | |||
! Trill | |||
| || || r̥ r rʲ || || || | |||
|- | |||
! Approximants | |||
| || || || j || w || | |||
|} | |||
All consonants except for /n̥ ŋ̊ cç q ç l̥ r̥ j w/ are part of morphophonemic soft-hard alternation pairs. They are the following: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Hard !! Soft | |||
|- | |||
| /m p b f v/ || [mlʲ plʲ blʲ flʲ vlʲ]<br/>/mʎ pʎ bʎ fʎ vʎ/ | |||
|- | |||
| /t d lᵞ nᵞ r/ || /ts dz ʎ nʲ rʲ/ | |||
|- | |||
| /s z/ || /ʃ ʒ/ | |||
|- | |||
| /ŋ k ɡ x ɣ/ || /ŋj tɕ dʑ ç ç/ | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
| Line 52: | Line 81: | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. | |||
===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Mutations=== | ===Mutations=== | ||
| Line 68: | Line 98: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Common pronunciation | ! Common pronunciation | ||
| ∅ || -uʃ || -wəŋ || - | | ∅ || -uʃ || -wəŋ || -vlʲəx || -r̥ || -vlʲəʃ | ||
|} | |} | ||
Examples: | Examples: | ||
* ''hjeilshn'' / | * ''hjeilshn'' /ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥/ "to read", no ext. stem : ''hjeilshn'', ''hjeilshnuis'' [ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥uʃ], ''hjeilshnvṅ'' [ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥əu̯ŋ], ''hjeilshnviehh'' [ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥ix], ''hjeilshnhr'' [ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥ər̥], ''hjeilsnves'' [ˈçiːʎəsʲn̥ɪu̯ʃ] | ||
* ''ehd'' /ˈeː/ "to go out", ext. stem ''ehdṅ-'' : ''ehdṅ'' [ | * ''ehd'' /ˈeː/ "to go out", ext. stem ''ehdṅ-'' : ''ehdṅ'' [ˈeɪ̯əŋ], ''ehduis'' [ˈeɣuʃ], ''ehdvṅ'' [ˈe(ɪ̯)wːəŋ], ''ehdṅviehh'' [ˈeɪ̯ŋvlʲəx], ''ehdhr'' [eɪ̯r̥] ''ehdṅves'' [eɪ̯ŋvlʲəʃ] | ||
* ''orehg'' /oˈrʲeɪ̯/ "to carry", ext. stem ''orehgl-'': ''orehgl'' [oˈrʲeːʎ], ''orehguis'' [oˈrʲeɣuʃ], ''orehglvṅ'' [oˈrʲeːlᵞuŋ] ''orehglviehh'' [oˈrʲeːlᵞvlʲəx], ''orehghr'' [oˈrʲeːr̥], ''orehglves'' [oˈrʲeːlᵞvlʲəʃ] | |||
Reflexive verbs use the following endings (all of them after the extended stem): | Reflexive verbs use the following endings (all of them after the extended stem): | ||
| Line 84: | Line 115: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Common pronunciation | ! Common pronunciation | ||
| -oʊ̯d || -yːd || -vudz || -eʃoʊ̯ || - | | -oʊ̯d || -yːd || -vudz || -eʃoʊ̯ || -ytɕwo || -weːdz | ||
|} | |} | ||
* ''bods orehg'' /bodz | * ''bods orehg'' /bodz oˈrʲeɪ̯/ "to go", ext. stem ''orehgl-'' : ''orehglohbd'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯lᵞoʊ̯d], ''orehglyhbd'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯ʎyːd], ''orehglvyds'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯lᵞvudz], ''orehgleshb'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯ʎeʃoʊ̯], ''orehglykhbo'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯ʎytɕwo], ''orehglvehhds'' [oˈrʲeɪ̯lᵞweːdz]--> | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
Latest revision as of 14:44, 1 February 2024
 | This article is a construction site. This project is currently undergoing significant construction and/or revamp. By all means, take a look around, thank you. |
| Holenagic | |
|---|---|
| Hgâhlenaihduq hfrahb ê Ngâhlenaid | |
| Pronunciation | [ˈɣɔɬənæjuq] [ˈɔː i ˈŋɔɬənætʃ] |
| Created by | Lili21 |
| Date | Sep 2017 |
| Setting | Calémere |
| Ethnicity | Holenagics |
| Native speakers | 16,000,000 (2312) |
Evandorian languages
| |
Holenagic — natively called Hgâhlenaihduq [ˈɣɔɬənæjuq] or hfrahb ê Ngâhlenaid [ˈɔː i ˈŋɔɬənætʃ] or, rarely, hfrahb uir qehfthlehgar [ˈɔː irʲ ˈq͡χeːtʰɬe.ər] — is a language of the planet of Calémere, spoken natively by about 13 million people on Holenagika (Hol.: Hgâhlenaid [ˈɣɔɬənætʃ] Ísc.: Holenágieca; Cer.: Holenájica; Chl.: Hålinaica), Calémere's largest island, located in the northwestern corner of Evandor (mostly covered by mountains, taiga, and tundra in the north).
It is an Evandorian language and an isolate in the family, as it developed early enough to have its own peculiarities, not shared with any other Evandorian language, both in the sounds and in the grammar.It also keeps a highly etymological orthography, with many silent letters, as in hdieigv "road" /iːvʲ/ [iːvʲ] (Western Holenagic dialects: /iː/), siôhp "fruit" /ɕef/ [ɕew], or hfrahb "language" /ɔː/ [ɔː].
External History
Holenagic is a language I have rebuilt from scratch many times. Its first version had a Lithuanian-like orthography but was very un-Lithuanian-sounding, then I began to change it in order to have something that was not really like the languages near it. After all, as Holenagica is a large island at the periphery of Evandor, it kinda made sense to have unusual features in it. So I settled for it to be the outlier of the family, with unusual sounds among Evandorian languages and an opaque, very conservative orthography. My main inspirations behind it are Irish, Klingon, and Icelandic.