IPA for Zjiiama Knrawi

The charts below show the way in which the IPA represents Zjiiama Knrawi pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see Help:IPA.

This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Zjiiama Island, for other varieties see Knrawi IPA guides.

IPA Keys
Aelatha
Attian
Avendonian
Ayeri
Biscayan
Brittainese
Central Isles Creole
Cet
Cha
Cruckeny
Etlish
Evonish
Favlona
Guimin
Gwaxol
Hantza
Hemaluan
High Valyrian
Iaskyon
Jukpë
Kaikiwan
Keeltyewarem
Kihā́mmic
Knrawi
Kunarek
Luthic
Lôppic
Maryan Coptic
Messinese
Mihousapeja
Millennish
Moshurian
Modern Coptic
Nawuhu
Oltic
Owaex
Pomorian
Qafesona
Qut
Rangyayo
Rulhilli
Sinatolean
Soc'ul'
Sudyrnish
Umbrean
Vairish

IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent Consonants β vuin corner agave (Spanish) ð tjer soft they ɸ huf small あいふく (Japanese) ɸʰ ufh middle あいふく (Japanese) ɸˣ fjmm to hold あいふく (Japanese) h ceh many have j shaia house yet ɉ aythá jasper seguir (Spanish) k̟ tjic to cook ski k̟ʰ chuh raw key k̠ hyk sugarcane scout k̠ʰ nkh far cow k̠ˣ kja sand cow kʷ guq small island square kʷʰ uqh snake queen kʷˣ yqj to grow queen m iim because man n jna star not n̪ zjna away anthem n̠ cjni to stand ranch ŋ thga wind sang ŋ̟ chgag to hear sing ŋ̠ jgr heart song ŋʷ uwga animal penguin p puskj yam spin pʰ cuph snake burrow pin pˣ guvpj posture pin ɹ marg south right ʃˣ sjari city shin t riti eye start tʰ nth water tart tˣ tjay sick tart t͡ʃˣ cji black chart θ cniztí to try thing θʰ zherg cloud thing θˣ zjnr to eat thing w rtiu where wing ʍ wmaa time white x̟ asi shark he x̟ʰ shera thunder he x̠ jua all loch ʒ yau bird treasure ʔ̞ ua fish uh-oh IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent Vowels a agu face father ə sheya large island about ɛ isji big bed ɪ it head bid ɔ zjeyu shore bot ʊ cuy angry book IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent Syllabic consonants β̍ nauv different agave (Spanish) ð̩ tr to stop they m̩ msh dry man n̩ jrn land not n̪̍ zizhn rural anthem n̠̍ nchahí far away ranch ŋ̍ tgzh night sang ŋ̟̍ hyg cold sing ŋ̠̍ gj gold song ŋ̍ʷ hiwǵ to drive penguin ɹ̩ muayr̀kej to legalize right ʒ̍ ytjau to owe treasure IPA Example Translation Tones ˥ ik to see ˩ ìy to break ˥˩ shû east

Differences from standard Knrawi

• /k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ/ are realized as [t͡ʃ,t͡ʃʰ,t͡ʃˣ,ʃ,ʃʰ,xʲ].
  • /k̟,k̟ʰ,k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ/ adjacent to [ɪ] are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,kʲˣ,xʲ,xʲʰ].
• /k̠,k̠ʰ,k̠ˣ,x̠/ are realized as [k,kʰ,kˣ,x].
• /tˣ/ and [pˣ] are realized as [t͡sˣ] and [p͡fˣ].
• /ʍ/ is realized as [xʷ].
• /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [s,sʰ,sˣ].
  • Labialized /θ,θʰ,θˣ/ are realized as [f,fʰ,fˣ].
• /ɹ/ is realized as [r].
  • Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]).
  • Fortified /ɹ/ is realized as [z].
• /ɉ/ is realized as [ɰ].
  • Fortified /ɉ/ is realized as [ɣ].
• Fortition occurs word-finally.
  • [ʔ̞] is realized as [ʔ] word-finally.
• Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
  • Voiced geminants are glottalized.
• /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u]
  • Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [ə,o̞]
• /a/ is realized as [ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
• Unstressed /a/ and epenthetic [ə] are realized as
  • [o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
  • [ə] if not [o̞].